بررسي مقايسه اي تغزل شريف رضي و غزل سعدي

Comparative Investigation of Sharif Razi’s Ghazals and Sa’di’s Ghazals

از رهگذر ادبيات مقايسه اي، در اين پژوهش، تلاش نموده ­ايم تصاوير و مضامين به كار رفته در غزليات شريف رضي و سعدي را با هم مقايسه كنيم و تطبيق دهيم. علي­رغم اينكه تفاوت­ هاي زيادي در سبك غزل سرايي و نوع نگرش آنها نسبت به مساله عشق، وجود دارد؛ عناصر و مضامين مشترك فراواني در غزليات اين دو شاعر ديده مي ­شود كه اگر اين مساله ­ي را نه از باب تقليد سعدي كه از باب توارد بدانيم؛ باز هم دلايلي چون آشنايي سعدي با زبان عربي و تاثيرپذيري وي از اديبان نامدار عرب از يك سو و شهرت شريف رضي به عنوان برجسته ­ترين غزل سراي ادب عربي از ديگر سو، احتمال متاثر شدن سعدي از شريف رضي را فزوني مي­ بخشد. از ديگر نتايج پژوهش مذكور اين است كه غزل شريف، خشن و يادآور سبك جاهلي است. در مقابل، شعر سعدي به خاطر محيط جذاب شيراز، زيبا و دلنشين است و در غزل وي علاوه بر تشبيهات زيبا، آرايه­ هايي چون تناسب، تضاد، جناس، ايهام و... از بسامد بالاتري برخوردار است.

From the view point of comparative literature, in this study we made an attempt to compare the images and themes used in the ghazals (lyric poems) of Sharif Razi and Sa’di and to draw an analogy between them. Although there exist lots of differences in their style of lyricism and their attitudes towards love, many common elements and themes are seen in the ghazals of these two poets; if we consider this issue, not from the aspect of imitation of Sa’di but from the aspect of coincidence, again some reasons, like Sa’di’s familiarity with the Arabic language and his being impressed by eminent Arab scholars on the one hand, and Sharif Razi’s fame as an outstanding Arab sonneteer on the other hand, increase the possible influence of Sharif Razi on Sa’di. Other results of this research suggest that Sharif’s ghazal is harsh and a reminder of the Ignorance (Jaheli) Period style. In contrast, Sa’di’s poems are beautiful and pleasant due to the attractive environment of Shiraz, and in his Ghazals, in addition to beautiful metaphors, figures of speech such as contrast, analogy, pun and amphibology are of more frequency.