كشمكش سياسي اجتماعي در شعر خليل حاوي و مهدي اخوان ثالث

Socio-political Conflict in the poetry of Khalil Havi and Mehdi Akhvan Sales

بيان نمايشي يكي از انواع تمهيدات ادبي به شمار مي رود. شاعر معاصر به منظور عينيت بخشيدن به افكار خويش از شيوه هاي مختلف نمايشي بهره مي گيرد.كشمكش از اساسي ترين شگردهاي اين فن است، زيرا به اثر ادبي بعدي دو سويه مي بخشد و ارتباط آن را با زمان، جامعه و هستي ميسر مي كند، همچنين ميان نگرش غنايي و موضوعي پيوند برقرار مي سازد. وجود مشابهت هاي فراوان ميان خليل حاوي و مهدي اخوان ثالث از جمله زيستن در شرايط سياسي اجتماعي يكسان، بهره گيري از بيان نمادين و شيوه هاي مختلف نمايشي ، سبب شد از منظر برون متني و با تكيه بر روش توصيفي تحليلي چگونگي به كارگيري شگرد كشمكش سياسي اجتماعي توسط اين دو شاعرهمچنين تفاوتها و شباهتهايشان در اين زمينه مورد بررسي قرار گيرد. بررسي اشعار حاوي و اخوان ثالث نشان مي دهد كه هر دو شاعر به شكل ضمني و با عنايت به نمادهاي مكاني، زماني و طبيعي شگرد كشمكش را در مقوله هاي سياسي اجتماعي به كار گرفته اند . تفاوتشان در زمينه به كار گيري اين شگرد، غالبا در ارتباط با مصاديق نمادها مي باشد.

Dramatic Expression is considered as one of the literary devices in poetry. A contemporary poet benefits from different dramatic techniques to materialize his or her thoughts. Conflict is one of the most basic techniques in so doing, as it adds a bilateral dimension to the literary work, makes possible its relation with the time, the society, and the world, and makes a connection between subjective and lyrical perspectives. The similarities between Khalil Havi and Mahdi Akhavan Sales, such as living in the same socio-political conditions, the use of symbolic expression and different dramatic techniques made it possible to investigate how the technique of socio-political conflict has been used, as well as the similarities and differences between the two poets from an extratextual perspective by focusing on a descriptive and analytical approach. Also, as social criticism will better explain the poets’ encounter with the existing reality, some of their poems have been analyzed from the critical literature perspective. Investigating Havi’s and Sales’s poems indicates that they both have implicitly applied the technique of conflict in socio-political issues based upon the local, temporal, and natural symbols. Their difference in using this technique is mostly related to symbol instance