تبيين نظري رهبري امام خميني (ره)، از زاويه نقد نظريه رهبري كاريزماتيك

A Theoretical Explanation of Imam Khomeini`s Leadership with a Critical view on Charismatic Leadership

تبيين ماهيت رهبري امام خميني و علت تاثيرگذاري عميق آن، موضوع اين نوشتار است و سوال اصلي اين پژوهش ناظر بر اين است كه: «چه تعاملاتي ميان شخصيت و شيوه رهبري امام خميني و رعايت كرامات انساني وجود داشته است؟ آيا اين شيوه رهبري و نفوذ شگرف آن، بر مبناي الگوي رهبري كاريزماتيك بوده و براساس اين قابل تفسير است؟» يافته هاي اين نوشتار براساس روش تحليلي ـ اسنادي، بيانگر تعامل كامل شخصيت و شيوه رهبري امام، با موضوع كرامت انساني است و مشخص مي نمايد كه امام يكي از عالي ترين مظاهر كرامت انساني و مشخصاً به عنوان انساني كامل و در مقام مرجعي مهذب و بالنده در دامن تعاليم متعالي اسلامي و شيعي، در طول حيات و رهبري خويش به موضوع كرامت هاي انساني توجه ويژه و زايدالوصفي داشته و اساساً يكي از دلايل نفوذ شگرف رهبري ايشان بدين خاطر و نه به دليل الگوي رهبري كاريزمايي بوده است.

This paper intends to explain the essence and the reason why of deep and vast effects of Imam Khomeini`s leadership. The question of the paper, therefore, follows as: what corresponding effects may be perceived between Imam Khomeini`s character and method of leadership from one hand and attention to human dignity from the other be found? May such a leadership be explained on the basis of charismatic leadership? As explained in the paper, there is found a deep and perfect interaction between Imam`s character and method of leadership, and human dignity. Moreover, Imam may be counted as an outstanding example of human dignity and religious leader brought up on Islamic teachings. He has paid, therefore, much attention to human dignity during all his life and this manner of leadership may be known as one effective agent for his extraordinary influence in people; such a particularity may not be found in a charismatic leader.