كليدواژه :
آزادي , ليبراليسم , فضيلت , امنيت , مالكيت
چكيده فارسي :
آزادي مفهومي انتزاعي است كه بيشتر با محدوديت‌هاي آن قابل فهم است. اما پرسش در اينجاست كه آيا اساساً در ايده‌اليسم غربي مفهومي فراگير از آزادي وجود دارد؟ اين مقاله براي بررسي اين مسئله چند برش مفهومي در قطب‌هاي ايده‌آليسم غربي ايجاد كرده است. بر اين مبنا، آزادي در چارچوب فلسفه سقراطيان زمينه‌اي جز فضيلت‌مآبي نداشت. سپس در دوره جديد به امنيت و مالكيت تقليل يافت. اين مقاله ضمن تحليل گفتماني آزادي، نشان مي‌دهد كه چرا و چگونه مفهوم آزادي در خاستگاه نهضت‌هاي قديم، ميانه و جديد آن، مفهومي زمينه‌اي و فلسفي دارد. لذا اساساً نگرش واحد و بلامنازع به آزادي در ايده‌آليسم غربي، غير علمي و غير تاريخي است. اين مقاله روش تحليلي و مقايسه‌اي را براي پاسخ به چرايي و چگونگي مفهوم گفتماني آزادي، در دو دوره قديم و جديد در انديشه سياسي غرب را برگزيده است و نشان مي‌دهد كه چرا و چگونه آزادي در اصل يك مفهوم گفتماني است و يا حداقل تعلقي خاص به جامعه خاص خود دارد و ضرورتاً به شكل تعميم يافته قابل مقايسه نيست.
چكيده لاتين :
Freedom is an abstract concept that is more understandable with its constraints. Freedom within the fabric of the Socratic philosophy was just a virtue. In the Christian era, at first, it had a theosophical meaning and then in context of Scholastic era changed, as servant of God. Then in the modern age, it reduced as security and possessive individualism. Analyzing freedom as a discourse, this article shows why and how each concept of freedom has its proper context in history and political philosophy; ancient and modern. Therefore, the unity and uncontested attitude is essentially unconscious and non-historical. By a comparative and analytical method, this article pursues freedom as a discourse through its observation in ancient and modern in western political philosophy, and consequently shows that why and how freedom is a discourse and originally has its own philosophical and historical context; specifically fabricated for its proper society, and is not necessarily comparable in the general form.
Freedom as Discourse In Western Tradition
Abstract
Freedom is an abstract concept that is more understandable with its constraints.
Freedom within the fabric of the Socratic philosophyو meanly Aristotle and Plato, was just a virtue. Then in the modern age, reduced as security and possessive individualism. Analizing freedom as a discourse, This article shows why and how each concept of freedom has its proper context in history and political philosophy; ancient and modern. Therefore, the unity and uncontested attitude is essentially unconscious and non-historical. By a comparative and analytical method, this article pursues freedom as a discourse through its observation in ancient and modern in western political philosophy. and consequently shows that why and how is the freedom is a discourse and originaly has its own philosophical and historical context; specifically fabricated for its proper society. and is not necessarily comparable in the general form.
