مبادى نظرى انديشه سياسى ابوريحان بيرونى

The theoretical foundations of Abo-Reyhan Biruni's political thought

افكار بيرونى مجموعه‌اى از دانش‌ها و رويكردهاى متفاوت است. از اين رو مسأله اساسى در مطالعات «بيرونى‌شناسى» شناخت ماهيت آرا و مبانى معرفت‌شناسى، هستى‌شناسى و انسان‌شناسى اوست. اگر چه نگاه بيرونى به غايت عالم طبيعى است و نقطه عزيمت انديشه وى توصيف الگوها و قوانين طبيعى است، اما همو با تعليل ذهنى و در نهايت به واسطه وحى و شهود به تعادل و انسجام مى‌رسد؛ به عبارت ديگر مدل پژوهش وى «معرفت تركيبى» است كه از حس و استقرا آغاز و با عقل و قياس به تعادل و در نهايت با وحى به ثبات و استحكام مى‌رسد.

Biruni's thoughts are rooted in different approaches to and braches of knowledge. Thus, to understand him, one has to underestand the nature and the foundations of his epistemological, ontological, and humanistic views. Though Biruni focuses on the fate of the natural world and the starting point of his ideas is the description of natural laws and patterns, this end is finally achieved through mental explanation, intuition, and revelation. In other words, his research method is based on a combinational model which starts from sense and induction, continued by reason and deduction, and proved by revelation.