كاربرد مدل FMEA جهت ارزيابي ريسك هاي زيست محيطي، ايمني و بهداشتي مخازن ذخيره سازي ميعانات گازي شركت پالايش گاز پارسيان در سال 1395

Application of FMEA Model for Environmental, Safety and Health Risks Assessment of Gas Condensates Storage Tanks of Parsian Gas Refining Company in 2016

زمينه و هدف: شناسايي دقيق خطرات صنايع نفت و گاز به عنوان بخشي از يك تحليل ايمني مورد تاكيد سازمان­ هاي ناظر رسمي مي باشد. در فعاليت ­هاي صنعتي، تكنيك­ هاي ارزيابي و مديريت ريسك از طريق استفاده از رويكرد پيشگيري و با هدف بهبود ايمني براي كاهش حوادث به كار گرفته مي­ شود. اين مطالعه با هدف بررسي ريسك ­هاي زيست­ محيطي، ايمني و بهداشتي در مخازن ذخيره ­سازي ميعانات گازي شركت پالايش گاز پارسيان انجام شد. مواد و روش‌ها: اين مطالعه توصيفي در سال 1395 انجام پذيرفت. شناسايي مخاطرات زيست­ محيطي، ايمني و بهداشتي حاصل از تاسيسات و فعاليت­ هاي انساني موجود در مخازن ذخيره­سازي ميعانات گازي با استفاده از تكنيك دلفي انجام و سپس ريسك­ هاي شناسايي شده با استفاده از روش AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process)، تجزيه و تحليل سلسله مراتبي (FMEA) و ﺗﺠﺰيه و ﺗﺤﻠﯿﻞﺣﺎلات ﺷﮑﺴﺖ بررسي و آﺛﺎر آن مورد ارزيابي و اولويت­ بندي قرار گرفت. يافته‌ها: در اين مطالعه 17 ريسك شناسايي شد كه 12 ريسك آن مربوط به زيست­ محيطي و 5 ريسك مربوط به ايمني و بهداشتي بود. بر اساس نتايج به ­دست آمده، بالاترين ميزان ريسك زيست ­محيطي و ايمني - بهداشتي در مخازن به ترتيب، آتش‌سوزي بر اثر عوامل تروريستي و عمدي با عدد RPN (Priority Nnmber Risk)، 1/824 و استنشاق بخارات حين تعميرات با عدد RPN، 3/384 بود. نتيجه­ گيري: بالاترين ريسك زيست­ محيطي مربوط به آتش‌سوزي بر اثر عوامل تروريستي بود كه به دليل موقعيت حساس كشور ما در منطقه، مي باشد. در بخش ايمني و بهداشتي نيز بالاترين ريسك مربوط به استنشاق بخارات حين تعميرات به دليل عدم رعايت نكات ايمني عدم استفاده از وسايل استحفاظي فردي مي باشد.

Background and Objectives: The precise identification of the hazards of the oil and gas industry as a part of a safety analysis is emphasized by formal oversight organizations. In industrial activities, risk assessment and risk management techniques are implemented through the use of a preventive approach aimed at improving safety to reduce the incidents. The purpose of this study was to assess the environmental, health and safety risks in the gas condensate storage tanks of Parsian Gas Refinery. Materials and Methods: This descriptive study was carried out in 2016. The identification of environmental and health hazards from the facilities and human activities in the gas condensate storage tanks was done using Delphi technique and then, the declared risks were studied using the AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) and FMEA (Failur Mode and Effects Analysis) methods and its effects were evaluated and prioritized. Results: In this study, 17 risks were identified, 12 of which were related to the environmental risks and 5 risks related to health and safty. According to the results, the highest number of environmental and health-safety risks in the reservoirs were respectively fire from intentional and terrorist factors with RPN (Risk Priority Number) of 1.824 and inhalation of vapors during repairs with RPN of 3.384. Conclusion: The highest environmental risk was related to fire from terrorists due to the sensitive position of our country in the region. In the safety-health risks section, the highest risk was related to inhalation of vapors during repairs due to non-compliance with safety precautions and the inability to use personal protective equipments such as mask.