بررسي خطا‌هاي واج‌شناسي كودكان با كاشت حلزون و كم‌شنواي شديد داراي سمعك و طبيعي 6 ساله در شهر تهران

A Study of Phonological Disorders in Six-Year-Old Children with Cochlear Implants and Hearing Aids as Compared to Normal Hearing Children in Tehran, Iran

سابقه و هدف: دستگاههاي كمك‌شنيداري مانند كاشت حلزون و سمعك، با فراهم‌آوردن درونداد شنيداري، كمك شاياني به كودكان كم‌شنوا در جهت درك و توليد مهارت‌هاي توليد گفتار نموده‌اند. هدف از انجام پژوهش حاضر، بررسي مهارت‌هاي واج‌شناسي كودكان با كاشت حلزون، كم‌شنواي شديد داراي سمعك و شنواي طبيعي شش ساله مي‌باشد. مواد و روش‌ها: اين پژوهش به‌صورت مقطعي بود. 60 كودك شش ‌ساله در سه گروه 20 نفري از كودكان با كاشت حلزون، كم‌شنواي شديد داراي سمعك و شنواي طبيعي به روش نمونه‌گيري دردسترس انتخاب شدند. با استفاده از آزمون واجي به بررسي فرآيندهاي واجي اين سه گروه پرداخته شد. براي مقايسه گروه‌هاي مورد مطالعه نيز از آزمون‌هاي Kruskal-Wallis و تعقيبي Dunn استفاده گرديد. يافتهها: تعدادي از فرآيندهاي واجي، درصد همخوان‌هاي صحيح و توافق كلمه با گفتار پيوسته در گروه‌ كودكان داراي اختلال به‌صورتي معني‌دار بالاتر از كودكان طبيعي بود (05/0>P)، اما تفاوت آماري معني‌داري بين گروه‌هاي كاشت حلزون‌شده و سمعك يافت نشد (05/0

Background and purpose: Hearing improvement tools like cochlear implants and hearing aids have largely helped children with hearing loss in terms of the speech production and comprehension by providing them with auditory input. The aim of this study was to investigate the phonological skills in the six-year-old children with cochlear implants and severe hearing aids and normal hearing children. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 60 six-year-old children, selected using convenience sampling. The participants were divided into three groups (n= 20 per group): cochlear implant, hearing aid, and normal hearing. The phonological processes were examined using phonological analysis. Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn's test were used to compare the phonological skills in three groups. Additionally, the Kruskal-Wallis test (followed by the Dunn post-hoc test) was used to compare the phonological skills in these three groups. Results: Some phonological processes, percentage of consonants correct, and concurrence between single word and connected speech in disorder group were significantly higher than those in normal hearing (P<0.05), but this difference was not significant between cochlear implanted and hearing aid users (P>0.05). Conclusion: Generally, children with hearing loss that use cochlear implants and hearing aids could not completely accomplish all the phonetics. Therefore, they should reverie hearing and speech rehabilitation which helps them avoid further phonological problems.