الگوي رابطه زنجيره اي ويژگي هاي شغلي، خشنودي از شغل با رفتارهاي نوآورانه

Chain relationship model of job characteristics, job satisfaction and innovative behaviors

ﻫﺪف ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ راﺑﻄﻪ وﻳﮋﮔﻲ ﻫﺎي ﺷﻐﻞ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر، ﺑﺎزﺧﻮرد، ﻫﻮﻳﺖ، اﻫﻤﻴﺖ و ﺗﻨﻮع( و رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎي ﻧﻮآوراﻧﻪ ﺑﺎ درﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﺠﻲﮔﺮاﻧﻪ ﺧﺸﻨﻮدي از ﺷﻐﻞ اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮدﻳﺪ. روش ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻔﻲ و از ﻧﻮع ﻫﻤﺒﺴﺘﮕﻲ ﺑﻮده وﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ آﻣﺎري ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ را ﻛﻠﻴﻪ ﻛﺎرﻛﻨﺎن ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﻜﺪه ﻫﺎي داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ اﺻﻔﻬﺎن ﺗﺸﻜﻴﻞ داده اﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ از ﻣﻴﺎن آن ﻫﺎ 174 ﻧﻔﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻴﻮه ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﮔﻴﺮي در دﺳﺘﺮس اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﮔﺮدﻳﺪﻧﺪ. اﺑﺰارﻫﺎي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﭘﺮﺳﺸﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﻫﺎي رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎي ﻧﻮآوراﻧﻪ ﻛﺎﻧﺘﺮ( 1988)،ﺧﺸﻨﻮدي از ﺷﻐﻞ اﺳﻤﻴﺖ، ﻛﻨﺪال و ﻫﻴﻮﻟﻴﻦ( 1969)و وﻳﮋﮔﻲ ﻫﺎي ﺷﻐﻠﻲ ﻫﺎﻛﻤﻦ و اﻟﺪﻫﺎم 1976 ﺑﻮد. داده ﻫﺎ از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎري ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺷﺪ و ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎري ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﻛﻪ ﻃﻲ ﻳﻚ ﺳﻠﺴﻠﻪ رواﺑﻂ زﻧﺠﻴﺮه اي ﺑﻴﻦ وﻳﮋﮔﻲ ﻫﺎي ﺷﻐﻞ ﺑﺎ ﺧﺸﻨﻮدي از ﺷﻐﻞ و رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎي ﻧﻮآوراﻧﻪ ﻛﺎرﻛﻨﺎن راﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار( وﺟﻮد دارد. وﻳﮋﮔﻲﻫﺎي ﺷﻐﻞ ﺑﺎ ﺧﺸﻨﻮدي از ﺷﻐﻞ داراي راﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار ﺑﻮده و ﺗﻮاﻧﺴﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ 33 درﺻﺪ از وارﻳﺎﻧﺲ ﺧﺸﻨﻮدي از ﺷﻐﻞ را ﺗﺒﻴﻴﻦ و در اداﻣﻪ ﺧﺸﻨﻮدي از ﺷﻐﻞ ﺑﺎ رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎي ﻧﻮآوراﻧﻪ ﻛﺎرﻛﻨﺎن داراي راﺑﻄﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﺎدار ﺑﻮده و ﺗﻮاﻧﺴﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ 2/6 درﺻﺪ از وارﻳﺎﻧﺲ رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎي ﻧﻮآوراﻧﻪ را ﺗﺒﻴﻴﻦ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ. ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ ﻫﺎي ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺣﺎﺿﺮ ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮان رﻓﺘﺎرﻫﺎي ﻧﻮآوراﻧﻪ را از ﻃﺮﻳﻖ وﻳﮋﮔﻲ ﻫﺎي ﺷﻐﻠﻲ و ﺧﺸﻨﻮدي از ﺷﻐﻞ اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ داد.

The main purpose of this research was to study the Chain relationship of job characteristics, job satisfaction and innovative behaviors.The study was descriptive and correlativeand population included all employees of the Isfahan University of Technology research Institutes in the spring of 1395, of which 174 person were selected through convenience sampling method. Research instruments consisted of innovative behaviors questionnaire by Kanter (1988), job satisfaction questionnaire by Smith, Kendall and Hulin (1969) and job characteristics questionnaire by Hackman and Oldham (1976). Data were analyzed with use of Structural Equation Model (SEM) and result revealed that there are significant chain relationship between job characteristics (autonomy, feedback, task identity, task significance and skill variety), job satisfaction and innovative behaviors.Job characteristics have a significant relationship with job satisfaction and are able to explain 33% of job satisfaction variance, and more job satisfaction has a significant relationship with employee’s innovative behaviors and has been able to explain 6.2% of the variance innovative behaviors. Based on current research’s results, innovative behaviors could be increased by existence of job characteristics and increasing of satisfaction from job.