Title of article :
Mammalian DNA (cytosine-5) methyltransferases and their expression
Author/Authors :
Pradhan، نويسنده , , Sriharsa and Esteve، نويسنده , , Pierre-Olivier، نويسنده ,
Issue Information :
روزنامه با شماره پیاپی سال 2003
Pages :
11
From page :
6
To page :
16
Abstract :
Two classes of functional DNA (cytosine-5) methyltransferases have been discovered in mammals to date. One class methylates the unmodified DNA and is designated as the de novo enzyme, whereas the other maintains the methylation status of the daughter strand during DNA replication and thus is referred to as a maintenance DNA methyltransferase. Each enzyme catalyzes methyl group transfer from S-adenosyl-l-methionine to cytosine bases in DNA. During methylation the enzyme flips its target base out of the DNA duplex into a typically concave catalytic pocket. This flipped cytosine base is then a substrate for the enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The newly formed 5-methylcytosine confers epigenetic information on the parental genome without altering nucleotide sequences. This epigenetic information is inherited during DNA replication and cell division. In mammals, DNA methylation participates in gene expression, protection of the genome against selfish DNA, parental imprinting, mammalian X chromosome inactivation, developmental regulation, T cell development, and various diseases.
Journal title :
Clinical Immunology
Serial Year :
2003
Journal title :
Clinical Immunology
Record number :
1850302
Link To Document :
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