Author/Authors :
Im، نويسنده , , Ulas and Markakis، نويسنده , , Kostandinos and Unal، نويسنده , , Alper and Kindap، نويسنده , , Tayfun and Poupkou، نويسنده , , Anastasia and Incecik، نويسنده , , Selahattin and Yenigun، نويسنده , , Orhan and Melas، نويسنده , , Dimitros and Theodosi، نويسنده , , Christina and Mihalopoulos، نويسنده , , Nikos، نويسنده ,
Abstract :
High winter-time PM10, sulfate, nitrate and ammonium levels in Istanbul were investigated using a high resolution WRF/CMAQ mesoscale model system. A model-ready anthropogenic emission inventory on 2 km spatial resolution was developed for the area and the present study is the first attempt to test these emissions. The results suggested that the system was capable of producing the magnitudes. PM10 levels calculated by the model underestimated the observations with an average of 10 per cent at Bogazici University sampling station, whereas an overestimation of 12 per cent is calculated for all stations. High uncertainties, particularly in traffic and coal combustion, led to over estimations around emission hot spots. Base case results together with the sensitivity studies pointed significant contribution of local sources, pointing to the need of control strategies focusing on primary particulate emissions.
Keywords :
air quality modeling , aerosol , Chemical composition , WRF , Istanbul , CMAQ
