Research on quality of red wine varieties, obtained at Bujoru Vineyard, Dealu Bujorului Wine Center, Romania

The ecoclimatic conditions advantageous for the grapevine growth fall into two categories: indispensable conditions and critical natural conditions. The indispensable conditions have negative influences on the growth and fruition of grapevine, resulting in a decreased production both for quantitative and qualitative respects. The purpose of this paper was to trace the influence of the ecoclimatic conditions of 2013-2014-2015 over the quality of grapevine varieties used for high-quality wines. The used biological material was represented by Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon and Fetească Neagră. Determination was conducted in accordance with international standards for determining wine quality (O.I.V). The alcohol content varies in large limits 12.5% vol. in Fetească Neagră (2013) and 16.37% vol. in 2015. Regarding the total acidity, Merlot variety, recorded the lowest value 6.07 g/L tartaric acid (2015) while the Fetească Neagră variety has recorded the highest value 7.60 g/L tartaric acid. Volatile acidity to Fetească Neagră (2013) was 0.34 g/L acetic acid, the highest value was recorded at Merlot (2015) of 0.65 g/L acetic acid. Free SO2 content and the total recorded in the normal range, the highest values were recorded Cabernet Sauvignon (2014) 26.33 mg/L (free SO2) and Merlot (2013) 121.67 mg/L (total SO2) in contrast with the lowest values were recorded in Feteasca Neagră (2015) 16.0 mg/L (free SO2) and 59.67 (total SO2) the Feteasca Neagră (2014). Potassium recorded values between 778.67 mg/L Merlot (2013) and 1179.67 mg/L to Fetească Neagră (2015). Calcium content values ranged between 77.87 mg/L Merlot (2013) and 115.30 mg/L Cabernet Sauvignon (2013). The largest iron content was recorded at Feteasca Neagră (2015) 0.54 mg/L, and the opposite with the lowest concentration was recorded at Merlot (2013) 0.36 mg/L, while copper and lactic acid was below the detection limit. The ecoclimatic conditions studied in Dealu Bujorului distinguished the exceptional viticultural character of this wine area and the nature of authenticity present in the large variety of wines produced in the areas studied. Regarding the qualitative assessment of the eight varieties taken under testing, based on the results can be observed that the varieties have good suitability in the studied area and in terms of quality assessment, they show the particularities of the varieties and also the influence of the eco climatic and ecopedological conditions on wine quality. The results of the research indicate very good ecoclimatic conditions for the cultivation of grapevines in the Dealu Bujorului Vineyard, as well as a good suitability for the tested varieties in order to be cultivated as to achieve a superior quality wine