Genetic polymorphism of CYP2D6 gene among Egyptian hypertensive cases

Background: Hypertension is a cardiovascular disease that is affected by environmental, demographic and genetic factors. Objective: This study aims to determine the frequency of the CYP2D6*1, *3, *4 and *5 variants among hypertensive cases and cases with obesity and cases with cardiac complications. Subjects and methods: DNA was isolated from peripheral blood samples that were collected from 123 hypertensive cases and from 429 healthy non-related controls by using the Magna pure system. Genomic DNA was used to determine the frequency of CYP2D6*1, CYP2D6*3, CYP2D6*4 and CYP2D6*5 allelic variants by the application of the light cycler polymerase chain reaction (Realtime PCR) technique. Results: Comparing cases of hypertension and controls as regard to the genotypic allelic variants of CYP2D6 gene, hypertensive cases showed a significantly higher wild genotype 1/1 compared to controls (85.4% vs. 74.8%, p= 0.01) with a lower frequency of mutant genotype 4/4 (1.6% vs. 8.6%, p= 0.008) This phenomenon was manifested among cases of subgroups with obesity that had significantly lower mutant homozygous forms than obese controls (2.3% vs. 9.5%, p 0.04) and cases with cardiac complications (88.2% vs. 74.8%, p= 0.01). Conclusion: CYP2D6 polymorphism is positively associated with hypertensive cardiac complications as well as hypertensive obese cases.