A Review of Photodynamic Therapy in Different Types of Tumors

Photodynamic therapy is a novel approach to cancer treatment. It is based on reactive oxygen species production by light illumination on the photosensitizer in the presence of molecular oxygen. The photosensitizer is a non-toxic agent activated by light with a specific wavelength and leads to ROS production and increased oxidative stress in cancer cells to kill them. For treating the patient, after administration of photosensitizer, it distributes to different organs and the tumor environment. The photodynamic actions happen with illuminating light on the tumor’s location, and the tumor will be destructed. In this review, we introduce the mechanisms of photodynamic therapy and its components.