Simulated Exposure of Hospital Emergency Personnel to Solvent Vapors and Respirable Dust During Decontamination of Chemically Exposed Patients, ,

Study objective: To ascertain the breathing-zone level of organic solvents and respirable particulates in a simulated hospital patient decontamination. Design: An adult-sized, clothed plastic mannequin was contaminated with a solvent or particulate, then decontaminated. Rescuers were exposed to acetone, p-xylene, iron oxide, or zinc oxide during decontamination. We performed breathing-zone air sampling on the two rescuers. Five trials were run with each chemical. Participants: Two physicians performed the decontamination. Results: Measured breathing-zone concentrations for the chemicals tested were significantly lower than their respective short-term breathing-zone limits (P =.042, .043, .001, and .001 for acetone, p-xylene, iron, and zinc oxide, respectively). Conclusion: The chemicals tested during simulated hospital decontamination did not pose a respiratory health risk to rescuers. This model may be useful in the extrapolation of breathing-zone exposure to more toxic chemicals. Because ours are preliminary data, the use of respiratory protective equipment during decontamination must be recommended. [Schultz M, Cisek J, Wabeke R: Simulated exposure of hospital emergency personnel to solvent vapors and respirable dust during decontamination of chemically exposed patients. Ann Emerg Med September 1995;26:324-329.]