Finite-element time-step coupled Generator, Load, AVR, and brushless exciter modeling

This paper presents a model of a small brushless generating set that incorporates independently validated subsystem models. The new model links: a finite-element and time-stepping circuit model of the main alternator and load, a real-time model of the analog automatic voltage regulator (AVR) and a model based on the self and mutual inductances of the exciter machine along with the rectifier diode bridge. The composite model can be used to study the transient and steadystate performance of the whole generating set under different load conditions including synchronous operation in parallel with mains. The predicted transient behavior of an isolated generating set when subjected to various loads is presented, the implications with regard to induction motor starting are discussed, and voltage recovery and the function of each component are demonstrated.