Passive Microwave Technique for Estimating The Brightness Temperature of Mediterranean Sea Surface

The current study is conducted to investigate the insolation parameter in measuring sea surface temperature of Libyan city of Lipda. The process was accomplished at different bands (from 0.7 to 31.4 GHz), by using a laboratory system for microwave remote sensing in which the insolation parameter was studied with regard to temperature as well as frequencies.In the present study, the dielectric constant of several water samples from Mediterranean sea were measured at (0.7 to 31.4 GHz) bands. The amount of reflectivity was hence calculated by Fresnel s law and then the amount of emissivity was found. The Radiation transfer model mathematical model was adopted in the current study to calculate the brightness temperature of the seawater as a function of angles with atmospheric effect and non-atmospheric ones. The study has come out with the conclusion that the non-atmospheric effects are less than the atmospheric ones. Sea surface temperature can be used operationally to assess eddies, fronts and upwelling for marine navigation and to track biological productivity