ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد اﺳﯿﺪ ﻫﯿﻮﻣﯿﮏ ﺑﺮ اﺟﺰاي ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮدي ﮔﯿﺎه رﯾﺤﺎن Ocimum basilicum

The study of humic acid application on yield components of basil (Ocimum basilicum)

ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ اﺛﺮ اﺳﯿﺪ ﻫﯿﻮﻣﯿﮏ ﺑﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد و اﺟﺰاي ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺗﻮدهﻫﺎي رﯾﺤﺎن، آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ در ﺳﺎل 1390-91 در ﻣﺰرﻋﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎﺗﯽ آﻣﻮزﺷﮑﺪه ﮐﺸﺎورزي ﭘﺴﺮان ﺳﺎري )داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻓﻨﯽ و ﺣﺮﻓﻪ اي اﺳﺘﺎن ﻣﺎزﻧﺪران( اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻃﺮح ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﯾﻞ و در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﺑﻠﻮك ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ و در ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار اﺟﺮا ﺷﺪ. ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ اﺳﯿﺪ ﻫﯿﻮﻣﯿﮏ )0، 5، 10، 15 و 20 ﻟﯿﺘﺮ در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر( و ﺗﻮده ﺑﻮﻣﯽ )ﺗﻮده ﻣﺸﻬﺪ و ﺗﻮده ﺳﺎري( ﺑﻮد. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﺑﯿﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎر رﻓﺘﻪ ﺑﺮ روي ﺻﻔﺎت ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد اﺳﺎﻧﺲ، درﺻﺪ اﺳﺎﻧﺲ، وزن ﺑﺮگ ﺧﺸﮏ، وزن ﺧﺸﮏ ﮐﻞ و وزن ﺗﺮ ﮐﻞ ﺑﻮده و اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري در ﺻﻔﺎت ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺑﻮﺗﻪ و ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﻓﺮﻋﯽ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﻧﺸﺪ. ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﮐﻠﯽ ﺗﻮده ﺑﻮﻣﯽ ﻣﺸﻬﺪ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺑﻬﺘﺮي ﺑﻪ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر اﺳﯿﺪ ﻫﯿﻮﻣﯿﮏ داﺷﺘﻪ و در ﺑﯿﻦ ﺳﻄﻮح ﺗﯿﻤﺎري ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﯿﺰان درﺻﺪ اﺳﺎﻧﺲ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮده ﻣﺸﻬﺪ در ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد 20 ﻟﯿﺘﺮ در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر اﺳﯿﺪ ﻫﯿﻮﻣﯿﮏ ﺑﻮد. ﻣﯿﺰان وزن ﮐﻞ ﺧﺸﮏ ﮔﯿﺎه ﺑﯿﻦ دو ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺗﻮده ﺑﻮﻣﯽ اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﯽداري داﺷﺘﻪ و ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﯿﺰان آن در ﺗﻮده ﺑﻮﻣﯽ ﻣﺸﻬﺪ )1151/85 ﮔﺮم( ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ.

In order to evaluate the effect of humic acid on yield and yield components of basil Landraces (Ocimum basilicum), an experiment was conducted in the research field of Agricultural College of Sari (Mazandaran Technical and Vocational University) in 2011-2012. This study was conducted as a factorial design in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Treatments included humic acid (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 L/ha) and basil landraces (Mashhad and Sari). Analysis of variance showed that the effect of treatments was significant on essential oil yield, essential oil percentage, dry leaf weight, total dry weight and total fresh weight and their effect were not significant in plant height and branch number. In general, Mashhad landrace had the highest response to humic acid treatment and the highest essential oil percentage belonged to Mashhad landraces with 20 lit/ha humic acid application. There was a significant difference in total dry matter of the two landraces and the highest was observed in Mashhad landrace (1151/85 g).