ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮ ﻣﺎﯾﮑﻮرﯾﺰا و ﻓﺴﻔﺎت ﺑﺮ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻓﺴﻔﺮ و روي و ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﻏﺪه ﺳﯿﺐ زﻣﯿﻨﯽ در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺗﻨﺶ رﻃﻮﺑﺘﯽ

Effects of mycorrhiza and phosphate application on phosphorus and zinc concentration and potato tuber quality u nder moisture stress conditions

ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮ ﻫﻤﺰﯾﺴﺘﯽ ﻣﯿﮑﻮرﯾﺰاﯾﯽ و ﻓﺴﻔﺎت ﺑﺮ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻓﺴﻔﺮ و روي و دو وﯾﮋﮔﯽ ﮐﯿﻔﯽ ﻏﺪه ﺳﯿﺐ زﻣﯿﻨﯽ آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﻣﺰرﻋﻪاي در ﺑﻬﺎر و ﺗﺎﺑﺴﺘﺎن 1397 در ﻣﺰرﻋﻪ آﻣﻮزﺷﯽ - ﭘﮋوﻫﺸﯽ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺑﻮﻋﻠﯽ ﺳﯿﻨﺎ، اﻧﺠﺎم ﮔﺮﻓﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﯾﻞ ﺳﻪ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﯽ و در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﺑﻠﻮكﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار اﺟﺮا ﺷﺪ. ﻋﺎﻣﻞ اول ﺗﻨﺶ رﻃﻮﺑﺖ در ﺳﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ آﺑﯿﺎري ﭘﺲ از 60 )ﺷﺎﻫﺪ،( 80و 100 ﻣﯿﻠﯽ ﻣﺘﺮ ﺗﺒﺨﯿﺮ از ﺗﺸﺖ ﺗﺒﺨﯿﺮ ﮐﻼسA ﺑﻮد ﻋﺎﻣﻞ دوم ﻗﺎرچ ﻣﺎﯾﮑﻮرﯾﺰا )Glomus mossea( در دو ﺳﻄﺢ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد و ﻋﺪم ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد و ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﻮم ﮐﻮد ﻓﺴﻔﺎت در دو ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﺼﺮف و ﻋﺪم ﻣﺼﺮف، در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از اﯾﻦ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺗﻠﻘﯿﺢ ﻣﯿﮑﻮرﯾﺰاﯾﯽ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺷﺪ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻓﺴﻔﺮ و روي در ﻏﺪه ﻫﺎ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﯾﺎﺑﺪ. ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﯾﻦ درﺻﺪ ﭘﺮوﺗﺌﯿﻦ ﻏﺪه در ﺗﻨﺶ ﻣﻼﯾﻢ رﻃﻮﺑﺖ ﺑﺎ ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﻫﻤﺰﻣﺎن ﻓﺴﻔﺎت و ﻣﺎﯾﮑﻮرﯾﺰ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺷﺪ )7/97 درﺻﺪ(. در اﯾﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ درﺻﺪ ﻫﻤﺰﯾﺴﺘﯽ ﻣﺎﯾﮑﻮرﯾﺰاﯾﯽ )70 درﺻﺪ( در ﺗﻨﺶ ﻣﻼﯾﻢ رﻃﻮﺑﺖ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ و ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﻣﺎﯾﮑﻮرﯾﺰا از ﺷﺪت اﺛﺮ ﻣﻨﻔﯽ ﺗﻨﺶ رﻃﻮﺑﺖ ﺑﺮ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ درﺻﺪ ﻧﺸﺎﺳﺘﻪ ﻣﻤﺎﻧﻌﺖ ﻧﻤﻮد.

In order to investigate the effect of mycorrhizal symbiosis and phosphate fertilizer on phosphorus and zinc concentration and two qualitative characteristics of potato tuber a field experiment was conducted at Bu-Ali Sina University in spring and summer of 2018 as three-factorial based on randomized complete block design with three replications. The first factor was moisture stress at three levels of irrigation after 60 (control), 80 and 100 mm evaporation from Class A evaporation pan, the second factor was mycorrhiza (Glomus mossea) at two levels of application and non-application and the third factor was phosphate fertilizer at two levels of inoculation and non- inoculation. According to the results of this experiment, mycorrhizal inoculation increased the concentration of P and Zn in the tubers. The highest percentage of tuber protein was obtained at moderate moisture stress with simultaneous application of phosphate and mycorrhizae (7.97%). In this study, the highest percentage of mycorrhizal symbiosis (70 percent) was observed at mild moisture stress and mycorrhiza application prevented the severity of negative effect of moisture stress on starch percent reduction.