ﻧﻘﺶ ﻫﻢ اﻓﺰاﯾﯽ ﻋﻠﻒ ﮐﺶ و ﮐﻮﻟﺘﯿﻮاﺗﻮر در اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ ﮔﯿﺎه روﻏﻨﯽ ﮐﻠﺰا

The synergistic role of herbicides and cultivars in increasing seed yield of rapeseed oil

ﭼﮑﯿﺪه ﻋﻠﻒ ﻫﺎي ﻫﺮز ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺤﺪودﮐﻨﻨﺪه ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﮐﻠﺰا ﺑﻪ ﺷﻤﺎر رﻓﺘﻪ و ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ اﯾﻦ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن ﻫﺮز ﺑﺮاي دﺳﺘﯿﺎﺑﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮدﻫﺎي ﺑﺎﻻ در اﯾﻦ ﮔﯿﺎه ﺿﺮوري ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻧﻘﺶ ﻫﻢ اﻓﺰاﯾﯽ ﻋﻠﻒ ﮐﺶ و ﮐﻮﻟﺘﯿﻮاﺗﻮر در اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ ﮔﯿﺎه روﻏﻨﯽ ﮐﻠﺰا، آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ در ﺳﺎل زراﻋﯽ 1397-98 ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﮐﺮت ﻫﺎي ﺧﺮدﺷﺪه در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﺑﻠﻮك ﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ 12 ﺗﯿﻤﺎر در ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار در ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎت و آﻣﻮزش ﮐﺸﺎورزي و ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ اﺳﺘﺎن ﺧﻮزﺳﺘﺎن اﺟﺮا ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ. ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر اﺻﻠﯽ )ﮐﻮﻟﺘﯿﻮاﺗ( ﻮر و ﭼﻬﺎر ﺳﻄﺢ ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر ﻓﺮﻋﯽ )ﺷﺎﻫﺪ، ﺗﺮﯾﻔﻠﻮراﻟﯿﻦ، ﮐﻮﯾﻦ ﻣﺮا+ ك ﻣﺘﺎزاﮐﻠﺮ و ﮐﻠﻮﭘﯿﺮاﻟﯿ+ﺪ ﻫﺎﻟﻮﮐﺴﯽ ﻓﻮپ آر-ﻣﺘﯿﻞ( ﺑﻮد. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ )65/5 ﮔﺮم در ﻣﺘﺮﻣﺮﺑﻊ( ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺑﺪون ﮐﻮﻟﺘﯿﻮاﺗﻮر و ﺑﺪون ﮐﺎرﺑﺮد ﻋﻠﻒ ﮐﺶ )ﺷﺎﻫﺪ( ﺑﻮد ﮐﻪ ﺑﺎ دﯾﮕﺮ ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري را ﻧﺸﺎن داد و ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﯿﺰان ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ ﻧﯿﺰ در ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي ﮐﻮﯾﻦ ﻣﺮاك+ ﻣﺘﺎزاﮐﻠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮاه اﺳﺘﻔﺎده از ﮐﻮﻟﺘﯿﻮاﺗﻮر در ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ 4-2 ﺑﺮﮔﯽ )260/0 ﮔﺮم در ﻣﺘﺮﻣﺮﺑﻊ( و 6-4 ﺑﺮﮔﯽ ﮐﻠﺰا )304/0 ﮔﺮم در ﻣﺘﺮﻣﺮﺑﻊ( ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آﻣ.ﺪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ روش ﻫﺎي ﺗﻠﻔﯿﻘﯽ در ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺑﺎ روش ﻫﺎي ﻣﮑﺎﻧﯿﮑﯽ و ﺷﯿﻤﯿﺎﯾﯽ از ﮐﺎرﮐﺮد ﺑﻬﺘﺮي در ﮐﻨﺘﺮل ﻋﻠﻒ ﻫﺎي ﻫﺮز و ﺑﻪ دﻧﺒﺎل آن ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﮐﻤﯽ ﮐﻠﺰا ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ.

Weeds are one of the limiting factors of Rapeseed yield and proper control of these weeds is essential for achieving high yields in this plant. To investigate the effects of Rapeseed weed management methods, an experiment was conducted as split-plot in a randomized completely block design with three replications with 12 treatments in the Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Khuzestan Province (Ahvaz-Golestan Agricultural Research Station). Experimental treatments included three main plot levels (cultivator) and four sub-plot levels (control, trifluralin, metazachlor+qinmerac and clopyralid + haloxyfop-r-methyl). The results showed that the lowest seed yield (65.5 gr m-2) were obtained with no cultivar and no herbicide application (control) which showed a significant difference with the other treatments, and the highest grain yield was obtained in metazachlor+qinmerac with use of cultivator in the 2-4 leaf (260.0 gr m-2) and 4-6 leaf stages of Rapeseed treatments (304.0 gr m-2), respectively. The results of this study showed that the integrated management method had better performance in controlling weeds and subsequently improving the quantitative yield of Rapeseed compared to mechanical and chemical methods.