پاسخ تراكم علف هرز سوروف (Echinochloa crus-galli) در رقابت با ارقام برنج (Oryza sativa L.)

Response of Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) density in competition with Rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars

آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﻣﺰرﻋﻪ اي ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺗﺮاﮐﻢ ﻫﺎي ﻋﻠﻒ ﻫﺮز ﺳﻮروف در رﻗﺎﺑﺖ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻪ رﻗﻢ ﺑﺮﻧﺞ در ﺳﺎل 1397 در ﺷﻬﺮﺳﺘﺎن ﺑﺎﺑﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﯾﻞ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﭘﺎﯾﻪ ﺑﻠﻮك ﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ در ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار اﺟﺮا ﺷ.ﺪ ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ارﻗﺎم ﺑﺮﻧﺞ )ﻫﺎﺷﻤﯽ، ﻓﺠﺮ و ﻧﺪا( و ﺗﺮاﮐﻢ ﺳﻮروف )ﺻﻔﺮ، 10، 20، 30 و 40 ﺑﻮﺗﻪ در ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ( ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺑﻮﺗﻪ ﺳﻮروف در ارﻗﺎم ﻓﺠﺮ و ﻧﺪا، ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ 22/7 و 36/6 درﺻﺪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻃﺎرم ﻫﺎﺷﻤﯽ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن داد. ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ و ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﭘﻨﺠﻪ ﺳﻮروف )ﺑﺘﺮﺗﯿﺐ 13/2 و 3/9(، ﺑﺘﺮﺗﯿﺐ در ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي رﻗﻢ ﻃﺎرم ﻫﺎﺷﻤﯽ در ﺗﺮاﮐﻢ 10 ﺑﻮﺗﻪ در ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﺳﻮروف و رﻗﻢ ﻧﺪا در ﺗﺮاﮐﻢ 40 ﺑﻮﺗﻪ در ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﺳﻮروف ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷ.ﺪ وزن ﺧﺸﮏ ﺳﻮروف در رﻗﻢ ﻓﺠﺮ و ﻧﺪا، ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ 28/4 و 34/6 درﺻﺪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ رﻗﻢ ﻃﺎرم ﻫﺎﺷﻤﯽ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن داد، وﻟﯽ در ﺗﺮاﮐﻢ ﻫﺎي 20، 30 و 40 ﺑﻮﺗﻪ در ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﺳﻮروف، ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ 18/2، 49/4 و 66/9 درﺻﺪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮاﮐﻢ 10 ﺑﻮﺗﻪ در ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﺳﻮروف اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﻧﺸﺎن داد. ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ و ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﯿﺰان وزن ﺧﺸﮏ ﺳﻮروف در ﻫﺮ ﺳﻪ رﻗﻢ ﺑﺮﻧﺞ، ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ در ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي ﺗﺮاﮐﻢ 40 و 10 ﺑﻮﺗﻪ در ﻣﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻊ ﺳﻮروف ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ.

A field experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications in Babol in 2018. Factors included rice cultivar (Tarom Hashemi, Fajr and Neda) and barnyardgrass density (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 plants m-2). The results showed that plant height of barnyardgrass in Fajr and Neda cultivars decreased by 22.7% and 36.6% compared to Tarom Hashemi, respectively. The highest and lowest number of barnyardgrass tiller (13.2 and 3.9, respectively) were observed in treatments of Tarom Hashemi at 10 plant m-2 and Neda at 40 plant m-2, respectively. Dry weight of barnyardgrass in Fajr and Neda cultivars decreased by 28.4% and 34.6% compared to Tarom Hashemi, but at barnyardgrass densities of 20, 30 and 40 plant m-2 increased by 18.2%, 49.4%, and 66.9% compared to 10 plants m-2. The highest and lowest dry weight of barnyardgrass were observed in all treatments of 40 and 10 plant m-2, respectively.