ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺧﺸﮑﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي ﺟﻮاﻧﻪزﻧﯽ ﮔﯿﺎه آﺗﺮﯾﭙﻠﮑﺲ Atriplex nitense

Effect of Drought Stress on Germination Indices in Atriplex nitense

ﺗﻨﺶ ﺧﺸﮑﯽ ﯾﮑﯽ از ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ اﺻﻠﯽ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻻت زراﻋﯽ و ﺗﻬﺪﯾﺪي ﺑﺮاي اﻣﻨﯿﺖ ﻏﺬاﯾﯽ ﺟﻬﺎن ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ و ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻦ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن ﺟﺪﯾﺪ ﺳﺎزﮔﺎر ﺑﺎ اﯾﻦ ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ از اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﺧﺎﺻﯽ ﺑﺮﺧﻮردار اﺳﺖ. آﺗﺮﯾﭙﻠﮑﺲ)Atriplex nitense( از ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن ﺷﻮرﭘﺴﻨﺪ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻐﺬﯾﻪ دام ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده اﺳﺖ. ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﺳﻄﻮح ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺧﺸﮑﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﯿﺎت ﮔﯿﺎه آﺗﺮﯾﭙﻠﮑﺲ A. nitense در ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺟﻮاﻧﻪزﻧﯽ، ﯾﮏ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﯾﻞ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﮐﺎﻣﻼ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ ﭼﻬﺎر ﺗﮑﺮار اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر اول اﮐﻮﺗﯿﭗ-ﻫﺎي آﺗﺮﯾﭙﻠﮑﺲ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ زﻧﺠﺎن ﮐﻮه، ﻧﯿﮏ ﭘﯽ و ﮐﻮﺷﮑﻦ و ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮر دوم ﺳﻄﻮح ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺧﺸﮑﯽ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺷﺎﻫﺪ )ﺻﻔﺮ ﺑﺎر(، 1- ﺑﺎر، 4- ﺑﺎرو 8- ﺑﺎر ﺑ.ﻮد ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺠﺰﯾﻪ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﺻﻔﺎت درﺻﺪ ﺟﻮاﻧﻪزﻧﯽ، وزن ﺧﺸﮏ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﭽﻪ، ﻃﻮل رﯾﺸﻪﭼﻪ و ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺟﻮاﻧﻪ زﻧﯽ ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺧﺸﮑﯽ ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻨﺪ. ﻫﻢﭼﻨﯿﻦ اﺛﺮ اﮐﻮﺗﯿﭗﻫﺎ ﺑﺮ ﺻﻔﺎت وزن ﺧﺸﮏ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﭽﻪ و ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺟﻮاﻧﻪزﻧﯽ در ﺳﻄﺢ ﯾﮏ درﺻﺪ ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار ﺑ.ﻮد روﻧﺪ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺟﻮاﻧﻪ زﻧﯽ اﮐﻮﺗﯿﭗ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺳﻄﻮح ﺗﻨﺶ ﺧﺸﮑﯽ ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت ﺑﻮد و ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ اﻓﺖ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺟﻮاﻧﻪزﻧﯽ ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺳﻄﻮح ﺧﺸﮑﯽ در اﮐﻮﺗﯿﭗ ﻧﯿﮏﭘﯽ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از آزﻣﻮن ﺟﻮاﻧﻪزﻧﯽ در ﮐﻞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ ﺟﻮاﻧﻪ زﻧﯽ در اﯾﻦ ﮔﯿﺎه ﺣﺴﺎس ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺧﺸﮑﯽ اﺳﺖ.

Drought stress is one of the main environmental factors which decrease production of crops and being threats for world food security. Therefore, finding tolerant crops for these conditions is very important. Atriplex nitens is one of the halophyte species which can be nutritive plants in husbandry. Heretofore use these species for restoring to life revival dry pastures and wilderness country. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the sensivity of germination of A. nitens. Experiment accomplished based on factorial design with 4 repetitions. First factor was Atriplexes ecotypes including Zanjankuh, Nikpay, Koshkan, and second factor was different level of drought stress including, 0 bar (as check), -1 bar, -4 bar and -8 bar. Results of analysis variance showed that germination attributes and plant height were affected by drought stress. Results also showed that the effects of ecotypes on attributes such as height plant and speed of germination was significant. With increasing of drought stress speed of germination decreased in all three ecotype. Among the all three ecotypes, Nikpay was the tolerant. Overall, results of this experiment showed that the germination stage of this plant is sensitive to drought stress.