اﺛﺮ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺧﺸﮑﯽ و ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮيﻫﺎي رﯾﺰوﺳﻔﺮي ارﺗﻘﺎءدﻫﻨﺪه رﺷﺪ ﮔﯿﺎه ﺑﺮ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي ﻓﯿﺰﯾﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮑﯽ بادرنجبويه

The Effect of Drought Stress and Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria on Physiological Indices of Lemon Balm

ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮ ﺗﻨﺶ ﺧﺸﮑﯽ و ﺗﻠﻘﯿﺢ ﮔﯿﺎه ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮيﻫﺎي رﯾﺰوﺳﻔﺮي ﺑﺮ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي ﻓﯿﺰﯾﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ ﺑﺎدرﻧﺠﺒﻮﯾﻪ آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﮐﺮتﻫﺎي ﺧﺮد ﺷﺪه در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﺑﻠﻮكﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار در ﻣﺰرﻋﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻘﺎﺗﯽ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﺷﻬﺮﮐﺮد در ﺳﺎل 1398 اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﺗﻨﺶ ﮐﻤﺒﻮد آب در ﺳﻪ ﺳﻄﺢ )آﺑﯿﺎري ﮐﺎﻣﻞ، 75 و 50 درﺻﺪ آﺑﯿﺎري ﮐﺎﻣﻞ( و ﺗﻠﻘﯿﺢ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮيﻫﺎي ﻣﺤﺮك رﺷﺪ در 5 ﺳﻄﺢ )ﺷﺎﻫﺪ )ﻋﺪم ﺗﻠﻘﯿﺢ ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮﯾﺎﯾﯽ(، ﺗﻠﻘﯿﺢ ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮيﻫﺎي Bacillus B a،cillus strain A Az o،spirillum amyloliquefaciensو S(treptomyces rimosus ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﻫﺎي اﺻﻠﯽ و ﻓﺮﻋﯽ در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻧ.ﺪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ اﺛﺮ ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮي و ﺗﻨﺶ ﺧﺸﮑﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺷﺎﺧﺺ ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﺮگ، دوام ﺳﻄﺢ ﺑﺮگ، ﺳﺮﻋﺖ رﺷﺪ، ﭘﺎﯾﺪاري دﻣﺎي ﮔﯿﺎه و وزن ﺧﺸﮏ ﮔﯿﺎه ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار ﺑﻮد. ﺑﺎ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺷﺪت ﺗﻨﺶ ﺧﺸﮑﯽ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﯽ ﺻﻔﺎت ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﯾﺎﻓﺘﻨﺪ. اﻣﺎ ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي ﺗﻠﻘﯿﺤﯽ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ اﯾﻦ ﺻﻔﺎت ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺗﯿﻤﺎر ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﮔﺮدﯾﺪﻧﺪ. و ﮐﻤﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﻘﺪار در ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي ﺷﺎﻫﺪ ﺑﺪون ﺗﻠﻘﯿﺢ دﯾﺪه ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ اﯾﻦ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﻬﺒﻮد ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎي ﻓﯿﺰﯾﻮﻟﻮژﯾﮏ و ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﮔﯿﺎه داروﯾﯽ ﺑﺎدرﻧﺠﺒﻮﯾﻪ ﭼﻪ در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ آﺑﯿﺎري ﮐﺎﻣﻞ و ﭼﻪ در روشﻫﺎي ﮐﻢ آﺑﯿﺎري، ﺗﻠﻘﯿﺢ ﮔﯿﺎه ﺑﺎ ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮيﻫﺎي Azospirillum ،B. amyloliquefaciens و S. rimosus ﺗﻮﺻﯿﻪ ﻣﯽﮔﺮدد.

In order to study the effect of drought stress and plant inoculation with rhizobacteria on Physiological Indices of Lemon Balm, an experiment was conducted as split plot in a randomized complete block design with three replications at the research farm of Shahrekord University in 2019. Water deficit stress at three levels (complete irrigation, 75% and 50% of full irrigation) and plant inoculation with plant growth promoting rhizobacteria at 5 levels (control (without bacterial inoculation), inoculation with Azospirillum, Bacillus strain A, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Streptomyces rimosus) were considered as main and sub plots, respectively. The results showed that the effect of bacteria and drought stress on leaf area index, leaf area duration, crop growth rate, crop temperature stability and total dry weight were significant. All studied traits decreased with increasing in drought stress. But inoculation treatments increased these traits compared to control treatment. So, the lowest values were observed in control treatments (without inoculation treatments). According to the results of this experiment, in order to improve physiological indices and yield of Lemon balm, both in complete irrigation conditions and in low irrigation methods, bacterial inoculation with B. Amyloliquefaciens, Azospirillum and S. rimosus are recommended.