ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد و ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﺳﯿﻼژ ارﻗﺎم ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺳﻮرﮔﻮم ﻋﻠﻮﻓﻪ اي و ذرت ﺳﯿﻨﮕﻞ ﮐﺮاس 704 در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺷﻮر و ﺧﺸﮏ

Comparison of forage yield and quality indices of silage of different forage sorghum cultivars and maize (S.C. 704) in saline and dry conditions

ﺑﺨﺶ اﻋﻈﻢ ﺳﯿﻠﻮﻫﺎي اﯾﺮان از ﭼﺎﭘﺮ ذرت ﺗﺸﮑﯿﻞ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ، اﯾﻦ در ﺣﺎﻟﯽ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ اﯾﻦ ﮔﯿﺎه ﻣﺼﺮف آب ﺑﺎﻻﯾﯽ دارد. ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﯾﻦ ﺻﻨﻌﺖ داﻣﭙﺮوري ﻧﯿﺎزﻣﻨﺪ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎﻧﯽ ﻫﺴﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺿﻤﻦ دارا ﺑﻮدن ﻣﺰاﯾﺎﯾﯽ ﺳﯿﻼژ ذرت، ﻣﺼﺮف آب ﮐﻤﯽ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ. در ﻫﻤﯿﻦ راﺳﺘﺎ ارﻗﺎم ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺳﻮرﮔﻮم ﻋﻠﻮﻓﻪ اي و ﺳﯿﻨﮕﻞ ﮐﺮاس 704 ذرت ﺑﻪ ﻟﺤﺎظ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد و ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﺳﯿﻼژ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﺑﻠﻮك ﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار در ﻣﺰرﻋﻪ ﭼﻬﺎرﻣﯿﻞ ﺷﺮﮐﺖ ﮐﺸﺎورزي ﻓﺠﺮ اﺻﻔﻬﺎن در ﺳﺎل 1397 ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺗﺠ. ﺰﯾﻪ وارﯾﺎﻧﺲ ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨﯽ دار آﻣﺎري ﺑﯿﻦ ارﻗﺎم ﻣﻮرد ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻣﻘﺎﯾﺴﻪ ﻣﯿﺎﻧﮕﯿﻦ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ، ارﻗﺎم ﻫﺎﻧﯿﺒﺎل، ﭘﮕﺎه و ﺳﻮﮐﺮوزﻓﻮﺗﻮ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ 56، 52 و 40 ﺗﻦ ﻋﻠﻮﻓﻪ ﺗﺮ در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري از ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ارﻗﺎم ﺳﻮرﮔﻮم و ذرت )ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ 20 ﺗﻦ در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر ﻋﻠﻮﻓﻪ ﺗﺮ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺑﺎ( ﻻﺗﺮي داﺷﺘﻨﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ از ﺻﻔﺎت ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺑﺎ ﺳﯿﻼژ ﻧﯿﺰ ﻧﺸﺎن دﻫﻨﺪه ﻋﺪم ﺗﻔﺎوت ﻣﻌﻨ دار ذرت ﺑﺎﯽ رﻗﻢ ﭘﮕﺎه در ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﺻﻔﺎت اﻧﺪازه ﮔﯿﺮي ﺷﺪه ﺑﻮد ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮر .ﮐ ﻠﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣ رﺳﺪ ﮐﻪ رﻗﯽﻢ ﭘﮕﺎه ﮐﻪ ﻫﻢ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد ﺑﺎﻻ و ﻫﻢ ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﺳﯿﻼژ ﺑﺎﻻﯾﯽ دارد ﺑﺘﻮاﻧﺪ رﻗﻢ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﯽ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﯾ ارﻗﺎم ﺮ ﺳﻮرﮔﻮم ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺷﺪه ﺟﻬﺖ ﺟﺎﯾﮕﺰﯾﻨﯽ ﺑﺎ ذرت در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ ﺣﺎﮐﻢ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. ﻫﺮ ﭼﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺧﻮد رﻗﻢ ﭘﮕﺎه ﻣﻌﺎﯾﺒﯽ دارد ﮐﻪ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ از ارﻗﺎم دﯾﮕﺮ ﺿﻌﯿﻒ ﺗﺮ ﺑﻮد.

Despite the high-water demand for corn, it still has the largest volume of Iranian silos. Therefore, the livestock industry needs plants that have low water consumption while enjoying the benefits of corn silage. In this regard, different cultivars of forage sorghum and maize (S.C. 704) in term of forage yield and quality indices of silage were studied in a randomized complete block design with three replications at Chaharmil farm of Fajr-Isfahan Agricultural Co. in 2018. According to the results of ANOVA there are significantly statistical different among cultivars. Based on comparison of means, KWS Hannibal, Pegah and Sucrose Photo BMR with 56.9, 53.4 and 45.1 tons per ha fresh forage were significantly higher than other sorghum cultivars and maize (average 20 ton per ha fresh forage). There aren’t statistically significantly difference between S.C. 704 and Pegah in many of indices of silage. Totally, it seems that Pegah cultivar, which has both high yield and high silage quality, can be a suitable cultivar compared to other studied sorghum cultivars for maize replacement under experimental conditions.