اﺛﺮ زﻣﺎنﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﺷﺖ ﻫﺮاﮐﺸﺖ و ﻣﻌﻤﻮل ﺳﻪ رﻗﻢ ذرت داﻧﻪاي در ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢﻫﺎي ﮐﺸﺖ ﻧﺸﺎﯾﯽ و ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ در اﺳﺘﺎن ﮔﯿﻼن

Effects of early planting and usual dates of three corn cultivars at transplanting and direct seeding systems in Guilan Province

ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮ زﻣﺎنﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﺷﺖ ﻫﺮاﮐﺸﺖ و ﻣﻌﻤﻮل ﺳﻪ رﻗﻢ ذرت داﻧﻪاي در ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢﻫﺎي ﮐﺸﺖ ﻧﺸﺎﯾﯽ و ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ در اﺳﺘﺎن ﮔﯿﻼن در ﺳﺎل زراﻋﯽ 1397 آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﯾﻞ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ ﻃﺮح ﺑﻠﻮكﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ در ﺳﻪ ﺗﮑﺮار ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﻪ اﺟﺮا ﮔﺬارده ﺷﺪ. در اﯾﻦ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ 4 ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ 15 و 31 ﻓﺮوردﯾﻦ، 16 اردﯾﺒﻬﺸﺖ و اول ﺧﺮدادﻣﺎه، دو روش ﮐﺸﺖ 1- ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ و 2- ﻧﺸﺎﯾﯽ و ﺳﻪ رﻗﻢ ذرت ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂرس ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺳﯿﻨﮕﻞ ﮐﺮاس 670، Sy-Senko Massil ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺷﺪﻧﺪ. ﺻﻔﺎت ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ ﻣﻮرد ارزﯾﺎﺑﯽ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ارﺗﻔﺎع ﺑﻮﺗﻪ، وزن ﺧﺸﮏ ﺑﺮگ، وزن ﺧﺸﮏ ﺳﺎﻗﻪ، وزن ﺧﺸﮏ ﺑﻼل و ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ اﺧﺘﻼف ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ در ﻣﯿﺎن ﺗﺎرﯾﺦﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﺷﺖ ﻣﻌﻨﯽدار ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ و ﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﮐﺎﺷﺖ 15 ﻓﺮوردﯾﻦ ﻣﺎه ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﺗﺎرﯾﺦﻫﺎي ﮐﺎﺷﺖ ﺑﺮﺗﺮ ﺑﻮد. در اﯾﻦ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ رﻗﻢ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺎﺳﯿﻞ و ﺳﯿﻨﮑﻮ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻣﯽ ﮐﻪ درﺗﺎرﯾﺦ ﻣﻄﻠﻮب ﮐﺎﺷﺖ ﺷﻮد، ﻣﺎده ﺧﺸﮏ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮي ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﯾﺮ رﻗﻢﻫﺎي ﻣﻮرد آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﮐﺮد. ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺷﯿﻮه ﮐﺸﺖ ﻧﺸﺎﯾﯽ در ﮐﻠﯿﻪ ﺻﻔﺎت ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺸﺖ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ ﺑﺮﺗﺮ ﺑﻮد.

In order to investigate the effects of early planting and usual dates of three corn cultivars at transplanting and direct seeding systems in Guilan Province experiments was conducted in 2018. The experiment was conducted as a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Treatment consisted of four levels of planting time (4 and 20 April and 6 and 22 May) and two planting methods (direct seeding and transplanting) and three maize cultivars (SC 670, Massil and Sy-Senko). Plant characteristics measured were plant height, leaf dry weight, stem dry weight, ear dry weight and seed yield. The results showed that seed yield of different planting dates were significantly different and 4 April was higher to in regions out yielded other dates of planting. In this experiment, it was found that by planting Massil and Sy-Senko cultivars at the optimum date, more dry matter would be produced than 670. Also, transplanting method was better to direct seeding in all traits.