ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺑﻬﯿﻨﻪ ﺑﺬر ارﻗﺎم ﮔﻨﺪم در ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺧﺎك ورزي در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺳﺮد اﺳﺘﺎن ﮐﺮﻣﺎﻧﺸﺎه

Study on optimum seeding rate of wheat varieties under different tillage systems in cold area of Kermanshah province

در ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﮐﺸﺎورزي ﻣﺮﺳﻮم و ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺘﯽ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺗﺮاﮐﻢ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺑﺬر ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﻣﺘﻔﺎوت ﺑﺎﺷﺪ. اﯾﻦ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺟﻬﺖ ﺗﻌﯿﯿﻦ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺑﺬر در ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺧﺎك ورزي در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ دﯾﻢ در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪ ﺳﺮد اﺳﺘﺎن ﮐﺮﻣﺎﻧﺸﺎه در ﺷﺮاﯾﻂ زارﻋﯿﻦ اﺟﺮا ﺷﺪ. در اﯾﻦ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺑﺬر، رﻗﻢ و ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﺧﺎك ورزي در ﮐﺮت ﻫﺎي ﺑﺰرگ ﺑﻪ ﺷﺮح ذﯾﻞ ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ: اﻟﻒ- ﮐﻢ ﺧﺎك ورزي ﺑﺎ رﻗﻢ ﺑﺎران در ﺳﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺑﺬر ﺷﺎﻣﻞ 140، 160 و 180 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر ، رﻗﻢ آذر2 ﺑﺎ 120 و 170 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر، ب-ﺑﯽ ﺧﺎك ورزي ﺑﺎ رﻗﻢ ﺷﺎﻻن در ﺳﻪ ﻣﯿﺰان ﺑﺬر ﺷﺎﻣﻞ 160 ،140 و 180 و رﻗﻢ آذر2 ﺑﺎ دو ﻣﯿﺰان ﺑﺬر 120 و 170 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر، ج- ﺧﺎك ورزي ﻣﺮﺳﻮم ﺑﺎ رﻗﻢ ﺳﺮداري در ﭼﻬﺎر ﻣﯿﺰان ﺑﺬر ﺷﺎﻣﻞ 140، 160 ، 180 و 200 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﮐﻪ رﻗﻢ ﺑﺎران و ﺷﺎﻻن )ارﻗﺎم ﺟﺪﯾﺪ( از ارﻗﺎم آذر2 و ﺳﺮداري )ارﻗﺎم ﻗﺪﯾﻤﯽ( ﺑﺮﺗﺮ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ و اﺧﺘﻼف ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري ﺑﯿﻦ ﻣﻘﺎدﯾﺮ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﺬر ﻧﺒﻮد وﻟﯽ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ از 160 ﮐﯿﻠﻮﮔﺮم در ﻫﮑﺘﺎر ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آﻣﺪ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻋﻤﻠﮑﺮد داﻧﻪ در ﮐﺸﺎورزي ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺘﯽ )ﮐﻢ و ﺑﯽ ﺧﺎك ورزي( ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ از ﺧﺎك ورزي ﻣﺮﺳﻮم ﺑﻮد.

In various conventional and conservation systems appropriate seed density can be different. This experiment was conducted to determination of wheat proper seeding rate in different tillage systems in cold area of Kermanshah province on farmers' condition. Different treatments of seeding rate, variety and tillage systems in big plots carried out as follow: (a) Minimum Tillage with Baran variety at three seed rates including 140, 160 and 180 kgha-1 and Azar2 variety at 120 and 170 kgha-1, (b) No tillage with Shalan variety at three seed rates including 140, 160 and 180 kgha-1, (c) Conventional Tillage with Sardari variety at four seed rates including 140, 160, 180 and 200 kgha-1. Results showed Baran and Shalan (new varieties) were better than Azar2 and Sardari (old varieties). No significant differences were found among different levels of seed rate but 160 kgha-1 had the highest grain yield. Grain yield was higher in conservation tillage (No till and MT) than conventional tillage.