ﻧﻘﺶ دﻣﺎ، ﺟﯿﺒﺮﻟﯿﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ و ﻧﻮر ﺑﺮ ﺟﻮاﻧﻪ زﻧﯽ ﮔﯿﺎه داروﯾﯽ- ﺻﻨﻌﺘﯽ ﺣﻨﺎ

The role of temperature, gibberellic acid and light on germination of Henna medicinal and industrial plant

اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ اﺛﺮات دﻣﺎ، ﺟﯿﺒﺮﻟﯿﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ و ﺳﻄﻮح ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻧﻮر ﺑﺮ ﺟﻮاﻧﻪ زﻧﯽ ﺑﺬرﻫﺎي ﺗﺎزه ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ ﺷﺪه ﺣﻨﺎ در ﻗﺎﻟﺐ آزﻣﺎﯾﺶ ﻓﺎﮐﺘﻮرﯾﻞ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻃﺮح ﮐﺎﻣﻼ ﺗﺼﺎدﻓﯽ در 4 ﺗﮑﺮار در آزﻣﺎﯾﺸﮕﺎه ﺑﺬر ﮔﺮوه زراﻋﺖ داﻧﺸﮕﺎه ﻋﻠﻮم ﮐﺸﺎورزي و ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻃﺒﯿﻌﯽ ﮔﺮﮔﺎن در ﺳﺎل 1397 اﻧﺠﺎم ﺷﺪ. ﺑﺮاي اﯾﻦ ﮐﺎر درﺻﺪ ﺟﻮاﻧﻪ زﻧﯽ ﺑﺬرﻫﺎي اﯾﻦ ﮔﯿﺎه در دﻣﺎﻫﺎي ﺛﺎﺑﺖ 15، 20، 25، 30 و 35 درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﯽﮔﺮاد ﺑﺎ ﭘﻨﺞ ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ﺟﯿﺒﺮﻟﯿﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ 0، 500، 1000، 1500 و 2000 ﭘﯽ ﭘﯽ ام در ﻧﻮر ﻣﻄﻠﻖ، ﺗﺎرﯾﮑﯽ ﻣﻄﻠﻖ، ﻧﻮر ﻟﺤﻈﻪ اي و ﻧﻮر 12/12 ﺑﺮرﺳﯽ ﺷﺪ. ﻧﺘﺎﯾﺞ ﻧﺸﺎن داد ﺣﺪاﮐﺜﺮ درﺻﺪ ﺟﻮاﻧﻪ زﻧﯽ در دﻣﺎي 25 و 30 درﺟﻪ ﺳﺎﻧﺘﯽ ﮔﺮاد ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﺷﺪ. در اﯾﻦ دﻣﺎﻫﺎ ﺟﯿﺒﺮﻟﯿﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ و ﺗﯿﻤﺎرﻫﺎي ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻧﻮري ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮي ﭼﻨﺪاﻧﯽ ﺑﺮ ﺟﻮاﻧﻪ زﻧﯽ ﻧﺪاﺷﺖ. اﻣﺎ ﺑﺎ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ و اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ دﻣﺎ از اﯾﻦ داﻣﻨﻪ، ﺟﯿﺒﺮﻟﯿﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ و ﻧﻮر ﺗﺎﺛﯿﺮ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ داري ﺑﺮ اﻓﺰاﯾﺶ ﺟﻮاﻧﻪ زﻧﯽ داﺷﺘﻨﺪ. اﯾﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﺑﯿﺎﻧﮕﺮ اﯾﻦ ﻣﻄﻠﺐ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺬرﻫﺎي ﺣﻨﺎ داراي ﮐﻤﻮن ﺷﺮﻃﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ در دﻣﺎﻫﺎي ﻧﺎﻣﻄﻠﻮب ﺑﺮاي ﺟﻮاﻧﻪ زﻧﯽ ﻧﯿﺎزﻣﻨﺪ ﻧﻮر و ﺟﯿﺒﺮﻟﯿﮏ اﺳﯿﺪ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ.

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of temperature, gibberellic acid and different levels of light on germination of freshly harvested Henna seeds in a factorial experiment with completely randomized design with 4 replications in Seed Laboratory of Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, in 2019. To do this, germination percentage of the seeds of this plant at constant temperatures of 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35 ° C with five gibberellic acid concentrations of 0, 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 ppm in absolute light, darkness, light when counting seed and light 12/12. The results showed that the maximum germination percentage was observed at 25 and 30 °C. At these temperatures, gibberellic acid and different light treatments had little effect on germination. But with decreasing and increasing the temperature of this range, gibberellic acid and light had a significant effect on increasing germination. This indicates that Henna seeds have a conditioned dormancy that requires light and gibberellic acid at unfavorable temperatures to germinate.