Optimization of Electrospinning Parameters to Synthesize PCL/PVA Nanofibrous Scaffolds Used for Articular Cartilage Grafts

This study focuses on optimizing electrospinning parameters for the synthesis of scaffolds using a combination of polycaprolactone (PCL) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) tailored for articular cartilage grafts. By creating nanofibrous scaffolds that resemble the extracellular matrix (ECM), electrospinning is essential to tissue engineering and presents a viable method for regenerative medicine. In these scaffolds, PVA enhances water-attracting properties and biological activity, whereas PCL imparts structural robustness through mechanical strength. The research systematically adjusts electrospinning conditions to enhance the spinnability, structural, and mechanical properties of the PCL/PVA nanofibrous scaffolds. The results show enhanced morphological characteristics of electrospun PVA/PCL fibers under optimized conditions. SEM analysis reveals improved fiber uniformity, controlled diameter, and a well-defined composition as a nanofibrous scaffold. FTIR analysis confirms the preservation of individual polymer characteristics within the composite fibers. Precise control of electrospinning parameters enhances fiber morphology, well-spinnability characteristics, uniform nanofibers, and chemical characteristics. These fibers can effectively mimic the articular cartilage ECM, which is critical for tissue engineering.