SPORTS CLUBS, SOCIETIES AND ASSOCIATIONS IN ISTANBUL IN THE LAST PERIOD OF OTTOMAN EMPİRE

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In the post-Second Constitutional period every area has experienced a revival, along with the political arena. Many associations, clubs and societies have been established in different categories for various purposes in political, social and economic areas. Some of the foundations are related to sports. The application areas of traditional sports branches such as wrestling, riding, javelin and archery which was being practised with the support of foundations and state, have been narrowed considerably as a result of Constitutional regulations. In this process, the western influence began to appear in the sport as well as in other areas with the intensification of relations with the West. Therefore, modern sports began to enter the country during this period. The sports, initially adopted by minorities and later by Turkish youth, especially football, started to be practised under the roof of clubs and associations after the declaration of Second Constitutional Monarchy in 1908. In different cities of the country, sport related clubs and associations were established. In this area, the most concentrated place for such activities was İstanbul because it was the capital city and had population diversity. The names of the associations, clubs and societies related to sports established in Istanbul during this period, their establishment dates and aims constitute the subject of the article.

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Ottoman State , II. Constitutional Monarchy , Club , Society , Association , Sports

Celal Bayar University Journal Of Social Sciences

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Celal Bayar University Journal Of Social Sciences