Steady-State Analysis of Long Transmission Lines by Normal Modes, Part II: Flat Configuration, Numerical Example, and Ground Wires

This paper continues the analysis of the steady-state performance of transmission lines by means of normal modes. Because of the symmetry of a flat configuration of conductors, important simplifications result which permit presenting the effect of frequency and earth resistivity over a considerable range. The effect of ground wires is also studied, and it is shown that the ratio of the span length to the wavelength of the applied frequency is an important factor. For small values of this ratio the syst¿m can be reduced to a simpler equivalent system. When the ratio is near unity an accurate solution is more difficult.