DocumentCode :
1041575
Title :
Enabling RF/microwave devices using negative-refractive-index transmission-line (NRI-TL) metamaterials
Author :
Eleftheriades, George V.
Author_Institution :
Toronto Univ., Toronto
Volume :
49
Issue :
2
fYear :
2007
fDate :
4/1/2007 12:00:00 AM
Firstpage :
34
Lastpage :
51
Abstract :
Metamaterials are artificially engineered structures with unusual electromagnetic properties. In this article, we review the implementation of isotropic metamaterials that exhibit a negative permittivity and a negative permeability, thus leading to a negative index of refraction. Specifically, the article focuses on transmission-line metamaterials, which are planar structures comprising a network of distributed transmission lines loaded periodically with inductors, L, and capacitors, C, in a "high-pass" configuration. The periodic unit cell is much smaller than the wavelength, thus leading to an effective medium in which the lumped loading elements can be either discrete (chip) or printed. Based on such negative-refractive-index transmission-line (NRI-TL) metamaterials, several RF/microwave devices are presented, including microwave lenses that can overcome the diffraction limit, compact phase-shifting lines and associated broadband series-fed power dividers, electrically small antennas, antenna feed networks and baluns, backward leaky-wave antennas, and high-directivity coupled-line couplers and reflectometers.
Keywords :
antenna feeds; directional couplers; leaky wave antennas; lens antennas; metamaterials; microwave materials; refractive index; RF device; antenna feed baluns; antenna feed network; backward leaky-wave antennas; broadband series-fed power dividers; compact phase-shifting line; composite materials; coupled-line coupler; diffraction limit; directional coupler; electrically small antenna; high-pass configuration; isotropic metamaterial; lumped loading element; microwave device; microwave lens; microwave phase shifters; negative permeability; negative permittivity; negative refraction; negative-refractive-index transmission line metamaterials; reflectometers; Antenna feeds; Broadband antennas; Metamaterials; Microwave antennas; Microwave devices; Permeability; Permittivity; Radio frequency; Reflector antennas; Transmission lines;
fLanguage :
English
Journal_Title :
Antennas and Propagation Magazine, IEEE
Publisher :
ieee
ISSN :
1045-9243
Type :
jour
DOI :
10.1109/MAP.2007.379612
Filename :
4263195
Link To Document :
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