Vulnerability of European Rail Traffic Management System to Radiated Intentional EMI

In this paper, the vulnerability of the future electrified railway system in Europe from a high-power microwave (HPM) source is investigated. The scenario of in-band disturbances radiated toward a GSM-R antenna and damaging the connected communications system is evaluated for different classes of HPM sources and situations. The minimum realistic distances for the different HPM sources from the antenna to cause permanent damage is shown, and the severity of threat from the different sources is discussed.