Population densities of excited states in a cadmium vacuum arc plasma were investigated spectroscopically and their absolute values were calculated using absolute measurements of the spectral lines\´ intensity emitted from the plasma. A transient population inversion was observed among the

group of levels and between the upper and lower levels of the transitions:

, whose maximal estimated one-pass gain values are 1.75, 1.002, and 1.004, respectively.