Title :
A Model for the Complex Dielectric Constant of Supercooled Liquid Water at Microwave Frequencies
Author :
Rosenkranz, P.W.
Author_Institution :
Res. Lab. of Electron., Massachusetts Inst. of Technol., Cambridge, MA, USA
Abstract :
Measurements of the complex dielectric constant, or relative permittivity, spectrum of liquid water are modeled for frequencies up to 1 THz and temperatures up to 60 °C by a combination of two components: a Debye function, which characterizes the reorientation of the water molecules under the influence of an electric field, and a distributed-resonance function, which is associated with vibrations of intermolecular hydrogen bonds. This model provides a good representation of cloud measurements below 200 GHz at temperatures as low as -25 °C.
Keywords :
atmospheric humidity; clouds; hydrogen bonds; molecular orientation; permittivity; radiometry; rotational-vibrational energy transfer; supercooling; Debye function; cloud measurements; complex dielectric constant model; distributed-resonance function; electric field; frequency 1 THz; frequency 200 GHz; intermolecular hydrogen bond vibrations; liquid water spectrum; microwave frequencies; relative permittivity; supercooled liquid water; temperature -25 C; temperature 60 C; water molecule reorientation; Clouds; Dielectric constant; Dielectric measurement; Frequency measurement; Hydrogen; Liquids; Temperature measurement; Clouds; microwave propagation; remote sensing; water permittivity;
Journal_Title :
Geoscience and Remote Sensing, IEEE Transactions on
DOI :
10.1109/TGRS.2014.2339015
