Visual evoked potential actuated brain computer interface: a brain-actuated cursor system

Flash visual evoked potential (FVEP), induced by OFF-to-ON flash, i.e. flash onset, in a light emitting diode (LED) was used to control four cursor movements (left, right, up, down), and left- and right-button clicks on a screen menu. ON or OFF duration in each flashing sequence was designed to be random so that all flashing sequences were mutually independent. Since FVEPs are time-locked and phase-locked to flash onsets of gazed LEDs, segmenting EEG signals based on the flash onsets of each flashing sequence followed by averaging will sharpen epochs evoked by gazed LEDs. Four inexperienced subjects were asked to generate a sequence of cursor commands. Mean recognition and transfer rates were 88% and 3.74 s/command, respectively.