Title :
Analysis of a dual grating-type surface emitting laser
Author :
Hardy, Amos ; Welch, David F. ; Streifer, William
Author_Institution :
Spectra Diode Lab., San Jose, CA, USA
fDate :
1/1/1990 12:00:00 AM
Abstract :
The grating-coupled surface emitter (GSE) consists of a gain section between two grating sections, which are not necessarily identical. The gratings act as both distributed Bragg reflectors and output couplers. An analysis that applies to arbitrary grating shapes and has provisions to include the presence of a substrate reflector to reduce the radiated power into that medium is carried out. Thresholds, differential efficiencies, and far-field patterns are compared for the low-threshold longitudinal modes of the system. Examples illustrating variations in tooth shapes and heights, waveguide loss, the presence of a substrate reflector, and detuning from the Bragg condition are included
Keywords :
diffraction gratings; distributed Bragg reflector lasers; laser theory; optical couplers; optical losses; optical waveguides; reflectivity; substrates; Bragg condition detuning; arbitrary grating shapes; differential efficiencies; distributed Bragg reflectors; dual grating-type surface emitting laser; far-field patterns; gain section; grating sections; grating-coupled surface emitter; laser thresholds; low-threshold longitudinal modes; output couplers; radiated power; substrate reflector; tooth heights; tooth shapes; waveguide loss; Arrayed waveguide gratings; Bragg gratings; Distributed Bragg reflectors; Laser feedback; Optical coupling; Optical waveguides; Shape; Surface emitting lasers; Teeth; Waveguide lasers;
Journal_Title :
Quantum Electronics, IEEE Journal of
