Computer-aided design, work organization, and the integrated factory

A common job design model of the integrated factory is outlined, and the extent to which international experiences in computer-aided design (CAD) use conform to the model is assessed. With particular focus on experiences in Australia, it is argued that the variety of types and uses of CAD undermine any simple unlinear theory of necessary or appropriate work organization for CAD. It is concluded, however, that work on the design of so-called human-centered manufacturing systems provides an important opportunity for reassessing the most desirable direction for the future of CAD development and use