A reliable two-tier energy-efficient topology building algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks

In spite of various constraints present in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN), it has become popular in various application domains which need useful information. Among these constraints, energy conservation is the most important aspect. One of the known strategies to save energy and to prolong the lifetime of the WSNs is topology control. In this paper, a reliable energy-efficient topology control algorithm in wireless sensor networks is proposed. The proposed algorithm considers the residual energy and number of neighbors of each node for cluster formation, which is critical for well-balanced energy dissipation of the network. Knowledge-based inference approach is employed to select cluster head. Finally, reliable cluster heads are selected that maintain connectivity and coverage with respect to time. The algorithm not only balances the energy load of each node but also provides global reliability for the whole network. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm effectively prolong the network lifetime and reduces the energy consumption.