DocumentCode :
1274646
Title :
Implementation and Performance of the Electronics and Computing System of the Gamma Ray Energy Tracking In-Beam Nuclear Array (GRETINA)
Author :
Zimmermann, Sergio ; Anderson, John T. ; Doering, Dionisio ; Joseph, John ; Lionberger, Carl ; Stezelberger, Thorsten ; Yaver, Harold
Author_Institution :
Lawrence Berkeley Nat. Lab., Berkeley, CA, USA
Volume :
59
Issue :
5
fYear :
2012
Firstpage :
2494
Lastpage :
2500
Abstract :
The Gamma Ray Energy Tracking In-Beam Nuclear Array (GRETINA), a germanium detector system capable of measuring energy and position (within better than 2 mm rms) of gamma-ray interaction points and tracking multiple gamma-ray interactions, has been built. GRETINA is composed of seven detector modules, each with four high purity germanium crystals. Four custom designed electronics support the operation of the detectors: Digitizer/Digital Signal Processing (DSP), Trigger/Timing, Breakout Chassis and the Detector Interface Box. The Digitizer/DSP converts the analog information with 14-bit analog to digital converters operating at 100 MS/s, and digitally processes the data to determine the energy and timing information of the gamma interactions within a crystal. The computing system is composed of VME readout CPUs running VxWorks, which communicate with 62 dual-processor farm (each processor with four cores) through a 10 Gb/s Ethernet switch. The CPUs read out the digitizer/DSPs and send the data to the farm. The processors compute the position and track of the interactions of the gamma-ray inside the crystals. The processor farm is capable of processing in real-time the position of 20 000 gamma-ray/s. In this paper we will present the details of the implementation and performance of the electronics and computing system of GRETINA.
Keywords :
analogue-digital conversion; data acquisition; digital signal processing chips; energy measurement; gamma-ray interactions; gamma-ray spectrometers; germanium radiation detectors; high energy physics instrumentation computing; local area networks; nuclear electronics; position measurement; readout electronics; signal processing; trigger circuits; 14-bit analog-to-digital converters; Ethernet switch; GRETINA; Gamma Ray Energy Tracking In-Beam Nuclear Array; VME readout CPU; VxWorks; analog information; breakout chassis; computing system; custom designed electronics; data acquisition systems; detector interface box; detector modules; digitizer/digital signal processing; dual-processor farm; energy information; energy measurement; gamma-ray interaction points; gamma-ray spectrometer; germanium detector system; high purity germanium crystals; multiple gamma-ray interactions; position measurement; timing information; trigger systems; Arrays; Crystals; Detectors; Digital signal processing; Field programmable gate arrays; Monitoring; Servers; Data acquisition systems; digital signal processing; gamma-ray spectrometer; trigger systems;
fLanguage :
English
Journal_Title :
Nuclear Science, IEEE Transactions on
Publisher :
ieee
ISSN :
0018-9499
Type :
jour
DOI :
10.1109/TNS.2012.2205587
Filename :
6287617
Link To Document :
بازگشت