Examples for Genetic Algorithm based optimal RFID tag antenna design

In this work a Genetic Algorithm is used to obtain optimal planar UHF RFID tag antenna topologies. The presented antenna design method is automated and solely requires very little human intervention. Different requirements like antenna dimension, conductive and dielectric materials, frequency range, etc. can be adjusted. This enables the automated design of tailored tag antennas for different requirements. Due to the complex behavior of UHF antennas numerical electromagnetic field simulation is essential. Simulation is carried out with the aid of ANSYS HFSS and ANSYS DESIGNER. In order to obtain meaningful results, high accuracy of the simulation is of vital importance. Therefore this work places emphasis on the comparison of simulation and measurement of prototypes. As a result of the evolutionary design, examples for narrowband and broadband antennas are presented. Two approaches were applied, one very fundamental, discretizing the available design space into pixel units. In addition a lattice based approach, promoting meander-like layouts, is implemented. Four antenna layouts are discussed in this work. All obtained tag antennas meet the required specifications and prove the abilities of the design approach.