Power flow analysis algorithm for islanded LV microgrids including distributed generator units with droop control and virtual impedance loop

In this paper, an improved power flow analysis algorithm for distributed generation (DG) units controlled with P/Q droop functions and virtual impedances in a low voltage (LV) microgrid is proposed. The proposed analysis provides in contrast to conventional power flow calculation techniques: (i) consideration of virtual impedance parameters and (ii) higher accuracy in reactive power flow calculation. The improved power flow analysis algorithm proposed in this paper is validated by comparing the calculation results with detailed time domain simulation results. Case studies have been carried out by analyzing the effects of control parameter variation in the power flow results obtained by the proposed algorithm.