Ultra-high-frequency radio frequency identification reader receiver with 10 dBm input P1 dB and -74 dBm sensitivity in 0.18 μm CMOS

Ultra-high-frequency radio frequency identification reader receiver is implemented in 0.18 m CMOS. Based on the key parameter analysis for the reader receiver, the dynamic range concept is proposed to define the specifications and evaluate the performance of a reader receiver. The presented receiver utilises a quadrature direct-conversion architecture which consists of passive mixers, baseband programmable gain amplifiers (PGAs) and low-pass filters (LPFs). Both good input matching and as high as 10 dBm input P1 dB of the RF front-end is achieved by utilising the passive mixers driven by square wave local oscillators. In the analogue baseband, four PGAs provide a gain control range higher than 80 dB and the LPFs have a reconfigurable bandwidth from 100 kHz to 1.6 MHz to optimise noise performance under different Rx data rates. The on-chip DC-blocker with controllable cut-off frequency is proposed to avoid DC offset problems and obtain a fast settling time simultaneously. In the normal mode, the receiver sensitivity achieves 74 dBm with 12.9 dB output signal-to-noise ratio. An alternative radio frequency receiving path with a low noise amplifier (LNA) improves the receiver sensitivity in the listen-before-talk mode by 14 dB. The total power dissipation is only 58 mW with 1.8 V supply voltage.