DocumentCode :
1341580
Title :
A System-on-Chip EPC Gen-2 Passive UHF RFID Tag With Embedded Temperature Sensor
Author :
Yin, Jun ; Yi, Jun ; Law, Man Kay ; Ling, Yunxiao ; Lee, Man Chiu ; Ng, Kwok Ping ; Gao, Bo ; Luong, Howard C. ; Bermak, Amine ; Chan, Mansun ; Ki, Wing-Hung ; Tsui, Chi-ying ; Yuen, Matthew
Author_Institution :
Dept. of Electron. & Comput. Eng., Hong Kong Univ. of Sci. & Technol., Kowloon, China
Volume :
45
Issue :
11
fYear :
2010
Firstpage :
2404
Lastpage :
2420
Abstract :
This paper presents a system-on-chip passive RFID tag with an embedded temperature sensor for the EPC Gen-2 protocol in the 900-MHz UHF frequency band. A dual-path clock generator is proposed to support both applications with either very accurate link frequency or very low power consumption. On-chip temperature sensing is accomplished with a time-readout scheme to reduce the power consumption. Moreover, a gain-compensation technique is proposed to reduce the temperature sensing error due to process variations by using the same bandgap reference of the tag to generate bias currents for both the current-to-digital converter and the clock generator of the sensor. Also integrated is a 128-bit one-time-programmable (OTP) memory array based on gate-oxide antifuse without extra mask steps. Fabricated in a standard 0.18- μm CMOS process with analog options, the 1.1-mm2 tag chip is bonded onto an antenna using flip-chip technology to realize a complete tag inlay, which is successfully demonstrated and evaluated in real-time wireless communications with commercial RFID readers. The tag inlay achieves a sensitivity of -6 dBm and a sensing inaccuracy of ±0.8° C (3 σ inaccuracy) over operating temperature range from -20°C to 30°C with one-point calibration.
Keywords :
CMOS integrated circuits; UHF integrated circuits; clocks; flip-chip devices; protocols; radiofrequency identification; signal generators; system-on-chip; temperature sensors; CMOS process; EPC Gen-2 protocol; OTP memory array; RFID readers; UHF frequency band; antenna; current-to-digital converter; dual-path clock generator; embedded temperature sensor; flip-chip technology; frequency 900 MHz; gain-compensation technique; gate-oxide antifuse; on-chip temperature sensing; one-point calibration; one-time-programmable memory array; power consumption; size 0.18 mum; system-on-chip EPC Gen-2 passive UHF RFID tag; tag inlay; temperature -20 degC to 30 degC; temperature sensing error reduction; time-readout scheme; wireless communications; word length 128 bit; Accuracy; Clocks; Generators; Radiofrequency identification; Temperature distribution; Temperature sensors; RFID; Radio-frequency identification; clock; energy harvesting; injection-locked; low power; passive tag; system-on-chip; temperature sensor;
fLanguage :
English
Journal_Title :
Solid-State Circuits, IEEE Journal of
Publisher :
ieee
ISSN :
0018-9200
Type :
jour
DOI :
10.1109/JSSC.2010.2072631
Filename :
5593894
Link To Document :
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