DocumentCode :
1357442
Title :
Modeling of oxide-confined vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers
Author :
Bissessur, Hans K. ; Koyama, Fumio ; Iga, Kenichi
Author_Institution :
P&I Lab., Tokyo Inst. of Technol., Japan
Volume :
3
Issue :
2
fYear :
1997
fDate :
4/1/1997 12:00:00 AM
Firstpage :
344
Lastpage :
352
Abstract :
We present a quasi-three-dimensional (quasi-3-D) model of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) using a finite difference beam propagation method (BPM) scheme. The electrical model is based on the carrier rate equation including carrier diffusion. This model, which gives an accurate optical description of the cavity, calculates the threshold current, laser wavelength, output power and secondary-mode rejection of any index or gain-guided VCSEL, taking into account spatial hole burning. The threshold current limit of different laser structures is investigated and different methods are suggested for reducing the scattering losses in oxide-confined structures. Finally, their single-mode limit at and above threshold is discussed, and thin oxide layers are examined to increase the aperture size while maintaining single-mode operation
Keywords :
diffusion; finite difference methods; laser cavity resonators; laser modes; laser theory; optical hole burning; semiconductor device models; semiconductor lasers; surface emitting lasers; VCSELs; above threshold; accurate optical description; carrier diffusion; carrier rate equation; electrical model; finite difference beam propagation method; gain-guided VCSEL; index-guided VCSEL; laser structures; laser wavelength; output power; oxide-confined structures; oxide-confined vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser modelling; quasi-3D model; quasi-three-dimensional model; scattering losses; secondary-mode rejection; single-mode limit; spatial hole burning; threshold current; threshold current limit; Equations; Finite difference methods; Laser beams; Laser modes; Optical propagation; Optical scattering; Optical surface waves; Surface emitting lasers; Threshold current; Vertical cavity surface emitting lasers;
fLanguage :
English
Journal_Title :
Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, IEEE Journal of
Publisher :
ieee
ISSN :
1077-260X
Type :
jour
DOI :
10.1109/2944.605677
Filename :
605677
Link To Document :
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