Impact of Alpha Particles on the Electrical Characteristics of TiO $_{2}$ Memristors

Titanium-oxide (TiO₂ ) memristors exposed to 1-MeV alpha particles exhibit only minor changes in the electrical response for ion fluencies up to 10¹⁴ cm ^{- 2}. At higher fluence levels, virgin and off-state devices exhibit measurable increases in current conduction between the two platinum (Pt) electrodes. Analysis, supported by radiation transport and numerical device simulations, suggests that radiation-induced displacement damage in the TiO₂ film increases the density of oxygen vacancies, thereby altering both resistivity in the bulk of the transition-metal oxide and the junction characteristics of Pt-TiO₂ interface. Nevertheless, the experimental results indicate continued switching functionality of the memristors even after exposure to 10¹⁵ cm^{- 2} alpha particles. The high intrinsic vacancy density in the devices prior to radiation exposure is identified as the primary feature contributing to apparent radiation hardness.