Title :
Recovery of second-order optical nonlinearity in annealed proton-exchanged LiNbO/sub x/
Author :
Cao, Xiaofan ; Srivastava, Ramakant ; Ramaswamy, Ramu V. ; Natour, Jamal
Author_Institution :
Dept. of Electr. Eng., Florida Univ., Gainesville, FL, USA
Abstract :
The second-order nonlinear coefficients measured in proton-exchanged LiNbO/sub 3/ as a function of annealing time are discussed. Measurements of reflected second-harmonic power indicate that the second-order nonlinear coefficient d/sub 33/ is reduced to 60% of the bulk value as a result of proton exchange in pure benzoic acid. It is also shown that annealing restores the d-coefficients to almost the original value of the virgin crystal. For example, recovery to approximately 90% of the bulk value was obtained for a sample with a 0.3- mu m-bulk proton-exchanged layer, annealed for 10 h at 350 degrees C.<>
Keywords :
ion exchange; lithium compounds; optical harmonic generation; optical materials; reflectivity; 0.3 micron; 10 h; 350 degC; LiNbO/sub 3/; SHG coefficients; annealed proton-exchanged LiNbO/sub x/; annealing time; pure benzoic acid; reflected SHG; reflected second-harmonic power; second harmonic generation; second-order nonlinear coefficients; second-order optical nonlinearity; Annealing; Electrooptical waveguides; Frequency conversion; Nonlinear optics; Optical harmonic generation; Optical refraction; Optical variables control; Optical waveguides; Power harmonic filters; Protons;
Journal_Title :
Photonics Technology Letters, IEEE
