Water-turbine-driven induction generators

The paper outlines the main differences between motor and generator operation and considers the excitation of generators, in particular when provided by system capacitance. Results are given of tests on machines to ascertain the practical effects of uncontrolled excitation and switch-in currents. Information is given about some advantages arising from the absorption of reactive current produced by long transmission lines and the reduction in voltage drop on lines delivering power. The equipment necessary for control, protection, starting and synchronizing is described, as well as technical matters concerned with drying out windings and checking phase rotation. Three typical schemes are described and a list of existing and planned installations is given. An Appendix deals in more detail with the theoretical values of the equivalent circuit, torque and power factor, as well as circle diagrams.