Title :
CMOS-Compatible Ultra-Compact 1.55- μ m Emitting VCSELs Using Double Photonic Crystal Mirrors
Author :
Sciancalepore, Corrado ; Bakir, Badhise Ben ; Letartre, Xavier ; Harduin, Julie ; Olivier, Nicolas ; Seassal, Christian ; Fedeli, Jean-Marc ; Viktorovitch, Pierre
Author_Institution :
Inst. des Nanotechnol., Ecully, France
fDate :
3/15/2012 12:00:00 AM
Abstract :
In this letter, the authors report the first demonstration of laser operation in long-wavelength optically-pumped vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers for photonics-on-complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor back-end integration using 1-D double photonic crystal mirrors. The full exploitation of surface-addressable slow Bloch modes in such photonic architectures promotes an optimized tailoring of light confinement resulting in compact single-mode emitters capable to operate continuous-wave with thresholds in the sub-mW range.
Keywords :
CMOS integrated circuits; integrated optics; integrated optoelectronics; laser mirrors; laser transitions; optical pumping; photonic crystals; semiconductor lasers; surface emitting lasers; 1-D double photonic crystal mirrors; VCSEL; double photonic crystal mirrors; light confinement; photonics-on-complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor back-end integration; single-mode emitters; slow Bloch modes; vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers; wavelength 1.55 mum; Optical device fabrication; Optical reflection; Phase change materials; Photonics; Silicon; Vertical cavity surface emitting lasers; Complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS); photonic crystals; semiconductor lasers; slow Bloch mode; vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs);
Journal_Title :
Photonics Technology Letters, IEEE
DOI :
10.1109/LPT.2011.2180711
