Title :
Substation battery options: present and future
Author :
McDowall, James A.
Author_Institution :
Soft America Inc., North Haven, CT, USA
fDate :
11/1/2000 12:00:00 AM
Abstract :
Whenever a new battery type is considered, it is important to use life-cycle cost analysis that weighs all costs associated with battery ownership over a certain period of time, including the replacement of shorter-life batteries and all associated maintenance and testing activities. This article discusses the benefits and drawbacks of some of the potential alternatives to vented lead-acid batteries in substation service. These include VRLA, nickel-cadmium (Ni-Cd), nickel-metal hydride (Ni-MH), lithium-ion (Li-ion) and lithium polymer (Li-polymer). The aim of the article is to provide an overview of ongoing battery development work and an idea of the time-frame for commercial availability
Keywords :
cadmium; lead acid batteries; life cycle costing; lithium; maintenance engineering; nickel; reliability; secondary cells; substations; testing; Li-ion batteries; Li-polymer batteries; Ni-Cd batteries; Ni-MH batteries; Pb-acid valve regulated batteries; VRLA batteries; battery ownership costs; commercial availability; life-cycle cost analysis; lithium polymer batteries; lithium-ion batteries; maintenance; nickel-cadmium batteries; nickel-metal hydride batteries; shorter-life batteries replacement; substation battery options; testing activities; valve regulated lead acid batteries; vented lead-acid batteries; Batteries; Circuit breakers; Costs; Gravity measurement; Lithium compounds; Maintenance; Portable computers; Substations; Switchgear; Testing;
Journal_Title :
Power Engineering Review, IEEE
