Long-time scale models of transformers for the determination of transient voltages

The long-time scale model is particularly advantageous for detailed and thorough studies requiring measurements at a large number of points, with a variety of applied waves, winding terminations, and connections. Such studies are indispensable for the correct design of the insulation in modern large high-voltage power transformers. The applications of these models include design and development, improvement of present designs to establish uniform safety factors, investigation and modification of new structures and winding arrangements, and in special cases determination of which structure is best suited to meet customer specifications.