Incorporating two-port networks with S-parameters into FDTD

A modeling approach for incorporating a two-port network with S-parameters in the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method is reported. The proposed method utilizes the time-domain Y-parameters to describe the network characteristics, and incorporates the Y-parameters into the FDTD algorithm. The generalized pencil-of-function technique is applied to improve the memory efficiency of this algorithm by generating a complex exponential series for the Y-parameters and using recursive convolution in the FDTD updating equations. A modeling example is given, which shows that this approach is effective and accurate. This modeling technique can be extended for incorporating any number of N-port networks in the FDTD modeling.